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PSYC-5 Vocab
Psyc 101 Chapter 5 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sensations | The elementary components, or building block, of an experience (such as a pattern of light and dark, a bitter taste, or a change in temperature). |
| perception | The collection of processes used to arrive at a meaningful interpretation of sensations |
| light | The small part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is processed by the visual system |
| hue | The dimension of light that produces color; its typically determined by the wavelength of light reflecting from an object |
| brigthness | The aspect of the visual experience that changes with light intensity; in general, as it increases, so does its perceived brightness |
| transduction | The process by which external messages are translated into the internal language of the brain. |
| cornea | The transparent and protective outer covering of the eye |
| lens | The flexible piece of tissue that helps focus light toward the back of the eye |
| pupil | The hole in the center of the eye that allows light to enter |
| iris | The ring of colored tissue surrounding the pupil |
| accomodation | In vision, the process through which the lens changes its shape temporarily to help focus light on the retina |
| retina | The thin layer of tissue that covers the back of the eye and contains the light-sensitive receptor cells for vision |
| rods | Receptor cells in the retina, located mainly around the sides, that transduce light energy into neural messages; highly sensitive and are active in dim light |
| cones | Receptor cells in the central portion of the retina that transduce light energy into neural messages; they operate best when light levels are high, and they are primarily responsible for the ability to sense color |
| fovea | The "central pit" area in the retina where the cones receptors are located. |
| visual activity | The ability to process fine detail in vision |
| receptive field | In vision, the portion of the retina that, when stimulated, causes the activity of higher order neurons to change |
| blind spot | The point where the optic nerve leaves the back of the eye |
| dark adaptation | The process through which the eyes adjust to dim light |
| feature detectors | Cells in the visual cortex that respond to very specific visual events, such as bars of light at particular orientations |
| trichromatic theory | A theory of color vision proposing that color information is extracted by comparing the relative activations of three different types of cone receptors |
| opponent-process theory | A theory of color vision proposing that cells in the visual pathway increase their activation levels to one color and decrease their activating levels to another color--for example, increasing to red and decreasing to green |
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