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Social Studies quest
Question | Answer |
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1. What are the 5 fundamental political principles of government? | Consent of the governed, Limited Government, Democracy, Representative Government, Rule of law (Can Lazy Dogs Really Run) |
2. What does “consent of the governed” mean? | People agree to be ruled People are the source of Government Power popular sovereignty |
3. What does “limited government” mean? | Government is not all-powerful Restrictions/limits by a written Constitution |
4. What does “democracy” mean? | Rule by the people |
5. What does “representative government” mean? | The people elect/vote for officials to govern/represent them |
6. What does “rule of law” mean? | all people including elected official must obey the law |
7. Which early American document guaranteed the rights of Englishmen to colonists? | Charters of the va company of london |
8. What document was written by George Mason and served as a model/example for the U.S. Bill of Rights? | Va declaration of rights |
9. What document by Thomas Jefferson and served as a model for the First Amendment’s freedom of religion? | Va statute for religious freedom |
10. Why is the Declaration of Independence important? | -Stated that we have unalienable rights - life liberty and the persuit of happiness - All men are created equal - Not a plan of Government - took away consent to be governed |
11. What was the first plan of government for the United States and why did it fail? | Article of confederation Gave states sovereignty Created a weak central government |
12. What is the Preamble and what does it do? | The intro to the constitution It explains the reasons for the constitution |
13. What is the written plan of government for the United States | United States Constitution |
14. What is federalism? | division of power between the national government and the state government |
15. What are the powers set aside for the states called? | Reserved |
16. What happens if a U.S. law conflicts with a state law? | US Law wins |
17. What are implied powers? | Powers for the government |
18. What are powers the federal or state governments may NOT have? | denied powers example:Slavery |
19. What are powers given specifically to Congress in the Constitution called? | delegated, expressed or enumerated |
20. What are the 3 levels of federal courts? | 1. U.S Supreme Court 2. U.S Appeals court 3. U.S District Court |
21. What are the 4 levels of state courts? | 1.Va Supreme Ct 2. Va Court of Appeals 3. Circuit court 4.General district court |
22. What is the process for bringing a civil and criminal case to trial? | Arrest Bail or Jail Arraignment Trial |
23. What group makes laws for Virginia? | General Assembly |
24. What is the lawmaking process? How does a bill become a law? | Introduce/Produced by legislator Work in Committees debate Vote in both houses Signed by president or Governer |
25. What is a veto? | When the President rejects/refuses to sign a bill |
26. What is the role of a lobbyist? | a person who tries to influence lawmakers to vote for or against a bill by providing information on topic |
27. What does the executive branch include? | president, VP, cabinet is executive departments, regulatory commissions and agencies |
28. What is due process and where is it mentioned in the U.S. Constitution? | fair treatment by the government 5 & 14 amendments |
29. What is the legislative branch of the local government? | County- board of supervisors City & Town- Council |
30. What positions does the VA Constitution require local governments to elect? | Treasurer Clerk of court Sheriff Commissioner of Revenue |
31. What is the role of the media in elections? | |
32. What are the primary responsibilities of the national government versus the state? | Federal= Declare War, Maintain Armed forces, Admit new states State= Establish local Governments, Regulate business and trade with a state, Establish and maintain public schools |
33. Describe the national legislative branch. | |
34. How does the executive branch influence policymaking? | They can veto laws |
35. What is judicial review? | When the Judicial branch declares a law unconstitutional |
36. Which Supreme Court case established the idea of judicial review? | |
37. Describe the system of checks and balances. Give examples. | The policy that balances power between the three branches of government President can veto laws Judicial can declare laws unconstitutional |
38. What are the qualifications to vote? | Citizen of the United States Resident of Virginia and precinct 18 years of age by day of general election |
39. What factors determine who is more likely to vote? | Education Age Income |
40. What are PACs and what do they do? | Political Action Committees |
41. What are the functions of political parties? | Give people an opportunity to actively participate in the political process. Recruit candidates Nominate 1 to run for office Help the Nominee win office |
42. How do third parties differ from the major parties? | Third parties focas on one major problem Major parties focas on many different problems |
43. What are the major political parties and how are they different from each other? | Democratic and Republican Democratic wants more federal involvement Republican wants less federal intervention in citizens lives |
44. How has the high cost of getting elected changed campaigning for public office? | Candidates now have to do fund raisers to get money to campaign |
45. Explain how the electoral college works. | A number of people from each state comes in (based on Congress) and they vote on a candidate the candidate with the most votes wins office |
46. What are magistrates? | |
47. What is the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction? | Original is the first to view Appellate |
48. Who heads the executive branch at each of the 3 levels of government? | President |
49. Who nominates and confirms Supreme Court justices? | President |
50. What did Brown v. Board of Education say? | That we should desegregate schools |
51. What is our national legislature called? | Congress |
52. What does bicameral mean? | Two part house |
53. None of the 3 branches of government is stronger than one another due to the system of __________. | Checks and Balances |
54. What are the two houses of Congress called? | House of representatives Senate |
55. How is representation determined in the House of Representatives? | Population of state |
56. What are the roles of the President and Governor? | Chief of state Chief executive chief legislator Commander in chief Chief diplomat Chief of party Chief citizen |
57. What is the name of the President’s annual speech to Congress? | |
58. What are the 3 branches of government and what do they do? | Legislative- Creates laws Executive- Executes laws Judicial- Checks laws |
59. What are the units of local government? | Counties Towns Cities |
60. What is the difference between civil and criminal law? | Civil- Settles an agreement between 2 people Criminal- Determines whether a person is guilty of a crime |
61. Which courts have jury trials? | U.S district Court Circuit court |
62. What freedoms are guaranteed by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution? | Freedom of Speech, Press, Religion, |
63. How are amendments added to the U.S. Constitution? | |
64. How can the Constitution of Virginia be amended? | |
65. How does an individual become a U.S. citizen? | |
66. What are the steps involved in naturalization? | |
67. What are the duties of citizenship? | |
68. What is your #1 civic responsibility? What are some other responsibilities of citizens? | |
69. How do citizens demonstrate thoughtful and effective participation in civic life? | |
70. What does “separation of powers” mean? | |
71. Which officials are locally elected? | |
72. Which powers do local governments exercise? | |
73. How do localities enact ordinances? | |
74. How do individuals and interest groups influence public policy? | |
75. Which international issues would require local government officials to act? | |
76.What are the 3 basic economic questions all societies must answer? 77. What does “scarcity” mean? | What will be produced Who will produce it For whom will it be produced |
77. What does “scarcity” mean? | the inability to satisfy all wants and needs due to limited resources “ You can’t always get what you want” |
78. Name and describe the 4 major economic systems | command- Government control Free market- No Government control Mixed individuals businesses and Government Interaction Traditional- Hunting, farming, fishing |
79. What type of economy does the United States have? | Mixed |
80. What are the 5 essential characteristics of the United States economy? | 1 Free Market 2. Competition 3. Profit 4. Consumer Sovereignty 5. Private Property |
81. Describe what “choice” and “opportunity cost” mean in the U.S. economy | Opportunity Cost is what is given up when a choice is made |
82. Define “price” and explain how it is determined in the U.S. economy. | Price- is the amount of money exchanged for a good or service Price is determined by supply and demand |
83. Name and explain the 4 resources or factors of production. | Resources Natural Capital Human Labor Entrepreneurial |
84. Define incentives. | Incentives motivate people to buy a product and change economic behavior Ex: discounts, sales, BOGO, Coupons |
85. Define supply and demand. | Supply- The amount of goods that producers are willing to sell Demand The amount of a good consumers are willing to buy |
86. Describe production and consumption. | Production- combining resources to make goods or services Consumption- using/buying goods and services |
87. List and describe the 3 basic types of business ownership in the U.S. | Sole proprieteorship - 1 Partnerships- 2 Corporations- Stockholders |
88. How do individuals/households, businesses/producers and the government interact in the U.S. economy? | They exchange money goods services and resources in a continuous circular flow |
89. What are private financial institutions and what do they do? | Banks Credit Unions Savings & Loans They pay interest on savings, accept deposits and make loans |
90. What is the role of the Federal Reserve System? | 90. -To keep the economy growing at a stable and steady rate -To control the amount of money in circulation -Bank for banks & US |
91. What is the role of the U.S. government in protecting consumer rights and property rights? | To regulate businesses By enforcing contracts and passing laws and creating agencies |
92. Which amendment gave the government the authority to tax personal incomes of citizens? | Sixteenth |
93. How do financial institutions encourage saving and investing? | by paying interest on savings |
94. What are public goods and services? | Goods and services provided by the government for the benefit of citizens |
95. How do governments produce public goods and services? | Through Tax revenue |
96. How does the government influence economic activity? | -By taxing and Spending(fiscal Policy) -By controlling monetary policy ( the amount of money in circulation) -By promoting competition |
97. How does the United States government promote and regulate competition? | 1. by passing laws to discourage monopolies 2. by supporting new business start-ups and 3. by encouraging global trade |
98. Name and describe 3 executive branch government agencies that regulate businesses | FCC- Federal Communication Commission- regulates Tv, Radio& communication EPA- Environmental Protection Agency- Protects environment FTC- Federal trade Commission- regulates Trade |
99. Why do Virginia and the United States trade with other nations? | to increase wealth -to obtain products they do not make themselves |
100. What is the impact of technological innovation on world trade? | Technology/ Internet contributes to the global flow of information, Capital, Goods and services and Technology lowers the cost of production |