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1. What are the 5 fundamental political principles of government?
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2. What does “consent of the governed” mean?
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Social Studies quest

QuestionAnswer
1. What are the 5 fundamental political principles of government? Consent of the governed, Limited Government, Democracy, Representative Government, Rule of law (Can Lazy Dogs Really Run)
2. What does “consent of the governed” mean? People agree to be ruled People are the source of Government Power popular sovereignty
3. What does “limited government” mean? Government is not all-powerful Restrictions/limits by a written Constitution
4. What does “democracy” mean? Rule by the people
5. What does “representative government” mean? The people elect/vote for officials to govern/represent them
6. What does “rule of law” mean? all people including elected official must obey the law
7. Which early American document guaranteed the rights of Englishmen to colonists? Charters of the va company of london
8. What document was written by George Mason and served as a model/example for the U.S. Bill of Rights? Va declaration of rights
9. What document by Thomas Jefferson and served as a model for the First Amendment’s freedom of religion? Va statute for religious freedom
10. Why is the Declaration of Independence important? -Stated that we have unalienable rights - life liberty and the persuit of happiness - All men are created equal - Not a plan of Government - took away consent to be governed
11. What was the first plan of government for the United States and why did it fail? Article of confederation Gave states sovereignty Created a weak central government
12. What is the Preamble and what does it do? The intro to the constitution It explains the reasons for the constitution
13. What is the written plan of government for the United States United States Constitution
14. What is federalism? division of power between the national government and the state government
15. What are the powers set aside for the states called? Reserved
16. What happens if a U.S. law conflicts with a state law? US Law wins
17. What are implied powers? Powers for the government
18. What are powers the federal or state governments may NOT have? denied powers example:Slavery
19. What are powers given specifically to Congress in the Constitution called? delegated, expressed or enumerated
20. What are the 3 levels of federal courts? 1. U.S Supreme Court 2. U.S Appeals court 3. U.S District Court
21. What are the 4 levels of state courts? 1.Va Supreme Ct 2. Va Court of Appeals 3. Circuit court 4.General district court
22. What is the process for bringing a civil and criminal case to trial? Arrest Bail or Jail Arraignment Trial
23. What group makes laws for Virginia? General Assembly
24. What is the lawmaking process? How does a bill become a law? Introduce/Produced by legislator Work in Committees debate Vote in both houses Signed by president or Governer
25. What is a veto? When the President rejects/refuses to sign a bill
26. What is the role of a lobbyist? a person who tries to influence lawmakers to vote for or against a bill by providing information on topic
27. What does the executive branch include? president, VP, cabinet is executive departments, regulatory commissions and agencies
28. What is due process and where is it mentioned in the U.S. Constitution? fair treatment by the government 5 & 14 amendments
29. What is the legislative branch of the local government? County- board of supervisors City & Town- Council
30. What positions does the VA Constitution require local governments to elect? Treasurer Clerk of court Sheriff Commissioner of Revenue
31. What is the role of the media in elections?
32. What are the primary responsibilities of the national government versus the state? Federal= Declare War, Maintain Armed forces, Admit new states State= Establish local Governments, Regulate business and trade with a state, Establish and maintain public schools
33. Describe the national legislative branch.
34. How does the executive branch influence policymaking? They can veto laws
35. What is judicial review? When the Judicial branch declares a law unconstitutional
36. Which Supreme Court case established the idea of judicial review?
37. Describe the system of checks and balances. Give examples. The policy that balances power between the three branches of government President can veto laws Judicial can declare laws unconstitutional
38. What are the qualifications to vote? Citizen of the United States Resident of Virginia and precinct 18 years of age by day of general election
39. What factors determine who is more likely to vote? Education Age Income
40. What are PACs and what do they do? Political Action Committees
41. What are the functions of political parties? Give people an opportunity to actively participate in the political process. Recruit candidates Nominate 1 to run for office Help the Nominee win office
42. How do third parties differ from the major parties? Third parties focas on one major problem Major parties focas on many different problems
43. What are the major political parties and how are they different from each other? Democratic and Republican Democratic wants more federal involvement Republican wants less federal intervention in citizens lives
44. How has the high cost of getting elected changed campaigning for public office? Candidates now have to do fund raisers to get money to campaign
45. Explain how the electoral college works. A number of people from each state comes in (based on Congress) and they vote on a candidate the candidate with the most votes wins office
46. What are magistrates?
47. What is the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction? Original is the first to view Appellate
48. Who heads the executive branch at each of the 3 levels of government? President
49. Who nominates and confirms Supreme Court justices? President
50. What did Brown v. Board of Education say? That we should desegregate schools
51. What is our national legislature called? Congress
52. What does bicameral mean? Two part house
53. None of the 3 branches of government is stronger than one another due to the system of __________. Checks and Balances
54. What are the two houses of Congress called? House of representatives Senate
55. How is representation determined in the House of Representatives? Population of state
56. What are the roles of the President and Governor? Chief of state Chief executive chief legislator Commander in chief Chief diplomat Chief of party Chief citizen
57. What is the name of the President’s annual speech to Congress?
58. What are the 3 branches of government and what do they do? Legislative- Creates laws Executive- Executes laws Judicial- Checks laws
59. What are the units of local government? Counties Towns Cities
60. What is the difference between civil and criminal law? Civil- Settles an agreement between 2 people Criminal- Determines whether a person is guilty of a crime
61. Which courts have jury trials? U.S district Court Circuit court
62. What freedoms are guaranteed by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution? Freedom of Speech, Press, Religion,
63. How are amendments added to the U.S. Constitution?
64. How can the Constitution of Virginia be amended?
65. How does an individual become a U.S. citizen?
66. What are the steps involved in naturalization?
67. What are the duties of citizenship?
68. What is your #1 civic responsibility? What are some other responsibilities of citizens?
69. How do citizens demonstrate thoughtful and effective participation in civic life?
70. What does “separation of powers” mean?
71. Which officials are locally elected?
72. Which powers do local governments exercise?
73. How do localities enact ordinances?
74. How do individuals and interest groups influence public policy?
75. Which international issues would require local government officials to act?
76.What are the 3 basic economic questions all societies must answer? 77. What does “scarcity” mean? What will be produced Who will produce it For whom will it be produced
77. What does “scarcity” mean? the inability to satisfy all wants and needs due to limited resources “ You can’t always get what you want”
78. Name and describe the 4 major economic systems command- Government control Free market- No Government control Mixed individuals businesses and Government Interaction Traditional- Hunting, farming, fishing
79. What type of economy does the United States have? Mixed
80. What are the 5 essential characteristics of the United States economy? 1 Free Market 2. Competition 3. Profit 4. Consumer Sovereignty 5. Private Property
81. Describe what “choice” and “opportunity cost” mean in the U.S. economy Opportunity Cost is what is given up when a choice is made
82. Define “price” and explain how it is determined in the U.S. economy. Price- is the amount of money exchanged for a good or service Price is determined by supply and demand
83. Name and explain the 4 resources or factors of production. Resources Natural Capital Human Labor Entrepreneurial
84. Define incentives. Incentives motivate people to buy a product and change economic behavior Ex: discounts, sales, BOGO, Coupons
85. Define supply and demand. Supply- The amount of goods that producers are willing to sell Demand The amount of a good consumers are willing to buy
86. Describe production and consumption. Production- combining resources to make goods or services Consumption- using/buying goods and services
87. List and describe the 3 basic types of business ownership in the U.S. Sole proprieteorship - 1 Partnerships- 2 Corporations- Stockholders
88. How do individuals/households, businesses/producers and the government interact in the U.S. economy? They exchange money goods services and resources in a continuous circular flow
89. What are private financial institutions and what do they do? Banks Credit Unions Savings & Loans They pay interest on savings, accept deposits and make loans
90. What is the role of the Federal Reserve System? 90. -To keep the economy growing at a stable and steady rate -To control the amount of money in circulation -Bank for banks & US
91. What is the role of the U.S. government in protecting consumer rights and property rights? To regulate businesses By enforcing contracts and passing laws and creating agencies
92. Which amendment gave the government the authority to tax personal incomes of citizens? Sixteenth
93. How do financial institutions encourage saving and investing? by paying interest on savings
94. What are public goods and services? Goods and services provided by the government for the benefit of citizens
95. How do governments produce public goods and services? Through Tax revenue
96. How does the government influence economic activity? -By taxing and Spending(fiscal Policy) -By controlling monetary policy ( the amount of money in circulation) -By promoting competition
97. How does the United States government promote and regulate competition? 1. by passing laws to discourage monopolies 2. by supporting new business start-ups and 3. by encouraging global trade
98. Name and describe 3 executive branch government agencies that regulate businesses FCC- Federal Communication Commission- regulates Tv, Radio& communication EPA- Environmental Protection Agency- Protects environment FTC- Federal trade Commission- regulates Trade
99. Why do Virginia and the United States trade with other nations? to increase wealth -to obtain products they do not make themselves
100. What is the impact of technological innovation on world trade? Technology/ Internet contributes to the global flow of information, Capital, Goods and services and Technology lowers the cost of production
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