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IPC 5th 6 wks review
| Matter with a definite volume and a definite shape is a __________. | Solid |
| Matter in which atoms are tightly held in place is a ______. | Solid |
| A gas-like mixture with no definite volume or shape that is made up of positively and negatively charged particles is a _____. | Plasma |
| Matter with no definite volume and no definite shape is a _____. | Gas |
| matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a _____. | Liquid |
| Matter in which the particles are free to move in all directions until they have spread evenly throughout their container is a _____. | Gas |
| Most matter ______when heated. | Expands |
| The theoretical point at which all molecular motion stops is called_____. | Absolute zero |
| Compared to most substances, water is unusual because it ______ when it goes from the liquid to solid state. | Expands |
| The amount of energy needed to change a material from a solid to a liquid is called the heat of _____. | Fusion |
| The amount of energy needed to change a material from a liquid to a gas is called the heat of______. | Vaporization |
| According to ______, if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold the temperature constant, the pressur of the gas will increase. | Boyle's law |
| According to _____, the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature, as long as pressure does not change. | Charles's law |
| According to ______, the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. | Archimedes' principle |
| According to____, as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. | Bernoulli's principle |
| According to _____, pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout that fluid. | Pascal's principle |
| Hydraulic machines work by applying_____. | Pascal's principle |
| Whether an object will sink or float in a fluid is determined by_____. | Archimedes' principle |
| Bernoulli's principle explains why____. | Planes fly |
| As a sample of matter is heated, its particles _____. | Move more quickly |
| The most common state of matter in the universe is ____. | Plasma |
| Increasing_____ raises the bolling point of a liquid. | Pressure |
| The idea that matter is made up of small particles that are in constant motion is _____. | The kinetic theory of matter |
| The particles that make up a solid move ____ than do the particles of that make up a gas. | More slowly |
| A fluid's resistance to flow is called___. | Viscosity |
| As the temperature of a gas increases,mine volume of the gas will ___ if the pressure remains the same. | Increase |
| As the volume of a gas decreases, the pressure of the gas will ____ if the temperature remains the same. | Increase |
| Three examples of physical change are____. | Boiling of water, bursting of a balloon, and crumpling a piece of paper |
| The shape of an apple is a____. | Physical property |
| Fog is an example of a ____. | Colloid |
| When alog burns in a fire, _____. | New substances are formed |
| ______ is another name for a homogenous mixture. | Solution |
| When 2 or more substances are combined so each substance can be separated by physical means, the result is a(n)_____. | Mixture |
| A _____ is NOT a mixture. | Compound |
| The scattering if light by colloids is called _____. | The Tyndall effect |
| _____ is NOT a homogeneous mixture. | Permanent-press fabric |
| Each inner energy level of an atom has a maximum number of ____it can hold. | Electrons |
| Dot diagrams are used to represent _____. | Outer level electrons |
| Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons are ____. | Quarks |
| A chemical symbol represents the ____ of an element. | Name |
| Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called_____. | Periods |
| Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called_____. | Isotopes |
| A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n)____. | Electron |
| Elements that are gases, are brittle, and are poor conductors at room temperature are _____. | No metals |
| A _____ is used to accelerate protons I the study of subatomic particles. | Tevatron |
| A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is ____. | 56 |
| In a chemical formula, the number of each type of atom I the compound is shown by numbers called_____. | Subscripts |
| A group of covalently bonded atoms that acts together as one charged atom is a _____. | Poly atomic ion |
| The elements that make up a compound and the exact number of atoms of each element in a unit of the compound can be shown in a ____. | Chemical formula |
| A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons is a(n) _____ bond. | Covalent |
| The ______ tells you how many electrons an Atom must gain, lose, or share to become stable. | Oxidation number |
| The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is always _____. | Zero |
| The oxidation number of an atom is shown with a _____. | Superscript |
| Which of the following correctly shows the formula for a hydrate? | MgSO4 x 7H2O |
| How many electrons are needed in the outer energy levels of most atoms for the atom to be chemically stable? | 8 |
| What kind of chemical bond is formed when an equal exchange of electrons occurs? | Ionic |
| What is the total number of atoms in the compound Ca(CIO3)2? | 7 |
| What is the name of the compound with the formula NaCl? | Sodium chloride |
| Why do the noble gases NOT form compounds readily? | Their outer energy levels are completely filled with electrons. |
| What is the number of potassium atoms compared to oxygen atoms in a binary compound made for these 2 elements? | 2 potassium atoms to 1 oxygen atoms |
| What is the name of a binary compound made up of lithium and chlorine? | Lithium chloride |
| Which iof the following is the correct formula for magnesium nitrate? | MG(NO3)2 |
| What is the charge of phosphate in K3PO4? | 3- |
| What is the correct name for K2SO4? | Potassium sulfate |
| What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide? | MgO |
| At room temperature, most metals are ____. | Solids |
| The process by which solid iodine particles charge directly to gas without first becoming a liquid is called _____. | Sublimation |
| Elements that form salts by combining with metals are ____. | Halogens |
| Substances that conduct an electric current only under certain conditions are most likely to be ____. | Metalliods |
| Different forms of the same element that have different properties because of different atom arrangements are called _____. | Allotropes |
| An allotrope of carbon that is soft and can be used as a lubricant is ____. | Graphite |
| An allotrope of carbon that is hard and is often used in jewelry is ____. | Diamond |
| Hydrogen is grouped with the alkali metals because it ____. | Has one electron in its outer energy level |
| A chemical family whose members exist as reactive diatomic molecules in the gaseous phase is the _____. | Halogens |
| When hydrogen reacts with the active metals, it for,s a chemical bond by____. | Gaining one electron |
| The elements in groups 3-12 of the periodic table are the ____. | Transition elements |
| A family of elements that has 2 electons in its outer energy level is the ____. | Alkaline earth metals |
| Metals can be used as wire because they are _____. | Ductile |
| Elements in which the other electrons are NOT held tightly are most likely to form ______bonds. | Metallic |
| Bromine is the only halogen and nonmetal that is normally a _____. | Liquid |
| The only metal that is a liquid at room temperature is _____. | Mercury |
| A synthetic element that is used in smoke detectors is _____. | Americium |
| Alll synthetic elements are _____. | Radioactive |
| Cobalt. Iron, and nickel are known as the _____triad. | Iron |
| Three transition elements in group 12 of the periodic table are _____. | Mercury, zinc, and cadmium |
| Any element with an atomic number greater than that if uranium us a(n) ______. | Transuranium element |
| The noble gases are in____. | Group 18 |
| Elements that lie along the stair-step line of the periodic table are ____. | Metalliods |
| The appearance of solid metals can be described as ____. | Shiny |
| A family of elements that contain the most reactive metals is the ____. | Alkali metals |
| Radioactive elements comprise a majority of the_____. | Actinides |
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