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air embolism
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EMS Chapter30 Envir
Emergency Care & Transp. 10th Edition 2011 Jones & Bartlett
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| air embolism | The presence of air in the veins, which can lead to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart. |
| ambient temperature | The temperature of the surrounding environment. |
| antivenin | A serum that counteracts the effect of venom from an animal or insect. |
| bends | Common name for decompression sickness. |
| breath-holding syncope | Loss of consciousness caused by a decreased breathing stimulus. |
| conduction | The loss of heat by direct contact (eg, when a body part comes into contact with a colder object). |
| convection | The loss of body heat caused by air movement (eg, breeze blowing across the body). |
| core temperature | The temperature of the central part of the body (eg, the heart, lungs, and vital organs). |
| decompression sickness | A painful condition seen in divers who ascend too quickly, in which gas, especially nitrogen, forms bubbles in blood vessels and other tissues; also called "the bends." |
| diving reflex | Slowing of the heart rate caused by submersion in cold water. |
| drowning | The process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid. |
| dysbarism injuries | Any signs and symptoms caused by the difference between the surrounding atmospheric pressure and the total gas pressure in various tissues, fluids, and cavities of the body. |
| evaporation | Conversion of water or another fluid from a liquid to a gas. |
| frostbite | Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold; frozen or partially frozen body parts are frostbitten. |
| heat cramps | Painful muscle spasms usually associated with vigorous activity in a hot environment. |
| heat exhaustion | A form of heat injury in which the body loses significant amounts of fluid and electrolytes because of heavy sweating; also called heat prostration or heat collapse. |
| heatstroke | A life-threatening condition of severe hyperthermia caused by exposure to excessive natural or artificial heat, marked by warm, dry skin; severely altered mental status; and often irreversible coma. |
| hymenoptera | A family of insects that includes bees, wasps, ants, and yellow jackets. |
| hyperthermia | A condition in which the body core temperature rises to 101°F (38.3°C) or more. |
| hypothermia | A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F (35°C), usually as a result of prolonged exposure to cool or freezing temperatures. |
| radiation | The transfer of heat to colder objects in the environment by radiant energy, for example heat gain from a fire. |
| respiration | The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
| reverse triage | A triage process in which efforts are focused on those who are in respiratory and cardiac arrest, and different from conventional triage where such patients would be classified as deceased. Used in triaging multiple victims of a lightning strike. |
| SCUBA | A system that delivers air to the mouth and lungs at various atmospheric pressures, increasing with the depth of the dive; stands for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus. |
| turgor | The ability of the skin to resist deformation; tested by gently pinching skin on the forehead or back of the hand |
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