Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Vitamins-Biochem

QuestionAnswer
Vitamin A Retinol. FN: Visual pigment constituent. D: Night blindness, dry skin. XS: Painful head, joints, throat; skin changes, alopecia. Leafy veggies.
Vitamin B1 Function Thiamine. Fn: Thiamine pyrophosphate is cofactor for ox-decarboxylation of alpha-ketoacids & branched AA DeH, cofactor for transketolase in HMP Shunt.
Vitamin B1 Deficiency Alcoholics & malnutrition. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. Dry Beriberi: Polyneuritis, symmetrical muscle wasting, Wet Beriberi: high output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy), Edema.
Vitamin B2 Riboflavin, ADP+B2=FAD. Fn: Cofactor in REDOX. Def: Angular stomatitis, Chelosis (lip inflammation), Corneal vascularization.
Vitamin B3 Niacin/Nicotinic Acid. Tryptophan derivative + 3 ATP –(B6)-> NAD & NADP. Used in Redox. D: Hartnup dz (poor Trp absorption) & Carcinoid synd (high Trp metabolism), & INH use (lowers B6) Sx: Pellagra- Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia (+ Beefy glossitis)
Vitamin B5 Pantothenate (Component of CoA & FA synthase). D: Dermatitis , Enteritis, Alopecia, Adrenal insufficiency.
Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine (->->Pyridoxal phosphate) Used in transamination (AST, ALT), Decarboxylation Rx, Glycogen phosphorylase, heme synthesis, niacin synth. D: INH, Contraceptives: Convulsions, periph neuropathy, hyperirritability.
Vitamin B12 Function Cobalamin. Homocysteine methylxfaerase & methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Stored in liver, years+ reserves, made only by microorganisms.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Macrocytic megaloblastic anemia, optic neuropathy, paresthesia, glossitis. Cause: Alcoholism, sprue, enteritis, pernicious anemia. Dx: Schilling test. Neuro sx: low B12-> myelin abnormal.
Folic Acid Fn: THF Coenzyme for methylation rx &nitrogenous DNA & RNA synthesis. In leafy greens. Small stored pool. Def: Macrocytic megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects.
Biotin Cofactor for Carboxylations: pyruvate -> oxaloacetate; acetyl-CoA -> malonyl-CoA; Propionyl-CoA -> methylmalonyl-CoA. Def: Avidin in raw egg whites sequesters biotin, antibiotics.
Vitamin C Ascorbic Acid. Fn: 1) hydroxylation of Proline & Lysine in collagen. 2)Keeps Fe reduced (2+) for use 3)Cofactor for dopamine beta-hydroxylase-> NE. Def: Scurvy! (bruising, anemia, poor healing, swollen gums)
Vitamin D Function D2: Ergocalciferol in milk. D3: Cholecalciferol from sun. 25-D3:Stored. 1,25-D3: Active form. Fn: Increase Ca & Pi absorption.
Vitamin D Xs & Deficiency Xs: hyperCa, poor appetite, stupor, in SARCOIDOSIS (macrophages convert D-> active form). Def: Rickets & Osteomalacia (soft bones), hypoCa tetany. Maternal milk deficient in D & K
Vitamin E Fn: Antioxidant (protects erythrocyte from hemolysis). Def: erythrocyte fragility & neurodysfunction
Vitamin K Fn: Gamma-Carboxylation of glutamic acids in blood clotting. Def: Neonates. High Pt & aPTT, normal bleeding time. Antibiotic use kills orgs that make K-> 2,7,9,10, C, S Def.
Zinc Deficiency Slow wound healing, hypogonad, reduced adult hair, predispose to alcoholic cirrhosis
Created by: Kyle Tiemeier
Popular USMLE sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards