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Psych #1
Learning Quest
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Learning | a relatively permanent change in an organism's behavior due to experience |
4 Types of Learning | classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social conditioning, cognitive approach |
Classical Conditioning | association, cause + effect, involuntary Pavlov |
Dog Experiment | UCS --> UCR NS + UCS --> UCR CS --> CR |
UCS | Unconditioned Stimulus a stimulus that naturally triggers a response |
UCR | Unconditioned Response naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus |
NS | Natural Stimulus |
CS | Conditioned Stimulus after conditioning, triggers a conditioned response |
CR | Conditioned Response a response to a previously natural stimulus |
Watson | Little Albert instrumental condionting |
Acquisition | occurs during beginning of conditioning phase where associating neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus first 3 times |
Generalization | where similar stimulus signal similar responces |
Extinction | when stimulus is taken away, response is gone |
Spontaneous Recovery | reappearance of conditioned response |
Discrimination | distinguish between different stimuli |
Operant Conditioning | Skinner voluntary system of rewards + punishment operates on environment |
Reinforcement | Primary: necessary for survival Secondary: praise (become primary once those are fulfilled) Punishment: weakens a response with something unpleasant |
Schedules of Reinforcement | Variable Ratio Fixed Ratio Variable Interval Fixed Interval |
Variable Ratio | provide reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses ex. slot machines, fly-casting |
Fixed Ratio | reinforcement after a set number of responses |
Variable Interval | "happen at any time" ex. "you've got mail" |
Fixed Interval | reinforcement after a fixed time period ex. pay check |