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7 Photosynthesis
7th grade biology science photosynthesis and cellular respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What organelles are found only in plant cells that carry out photosynthesis? | Chloroplasts |
| Equation for photosynthesis in words: | carbon dioxide + water + energy = (produces) glucose and oxygen |
| Plants use 1.________ to undergo photosynthesis to produce 2.___________. | 1. Light energy 2. Glucose |
| When plants are making sugar they store some of it as 1.______ | 1. Starch |
| What is the starch broken down into when the sugar needs to be retrieved? | Simple glucose |
| What is the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy and used to produce glucose? | Photosynthesis |
| What organelle is found in plant and animal cells and carries out cellular respiration? | Mitochondria |
| What are the raw materials for cellular respiration? | Glucose and Oxygen |
| What are the raw materials for photosynthesis? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy |
| What are the products of photosynthesis? | Glucose and Oxygen |
| What are the products of cellular respiration? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy. |
| Excess glucose is stored in the 1._______ as 2.___________. | 1.Liver 2.Glycogen |
| What happens when you consume so many extra carbohydrates? | You body stores more and more glucose and all your glycogen can turn into fat. |
| What are the three types of carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides |
| The type of compound depends on what? | How many carbon atoms it has |
| How many carbon atoms do monosaccharides consist of? | 3-7 |
| How many carbon atoms do disaccharides consist of? | 6-14 |
| What are very long chains of smaller carbohydrate molecules linked together? | Polysaccharides |
| What is the byproduct of photosynthesis? | Oxygen |
| What are the byproducts of cellular respiration? | Carbon dioxide and water |
| What is ATP? | Energy |
| What is the process called that cells can produce energy without oxygen? | Fermentation |
| If no oxygen is available, cells can obtain energy through the process of 1.___________ | Anaerobic Respiration |
| What is a common anaerobic process? | Fermentation |
| Is fermentation an efficient process? | No |
| How many ATP molecules are produced during fermentation compared to cellular respiration? | 2 rather than 36 with cellular respiration |
| What are the 2 primary types of fermentation? | Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation |
| Cellular respiration is also known as what? | Aerobic respiration |
| What type of fermentation replaces the process of cellular respiration/aerobic respiration? | Lactic Acid Fermentation |
| Alcohol fermentation occurs in what? | Yeast and some bacteria |
| What is formed during glycolysis? | Pyruvic acid |
| What is the equation alcohol fermentation? | Glucose (produces)=Pyruvic Acids(produces)= alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy |
| What is the copying and equal separation of chromosomes? | Cell division |
| How many chromosomes do humans have? | 46 |
| Cells of every organism have a specific number of what? | Chromosomes |
| When is the only time chromosomes are visible? | During cell division |
| What are chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, staining pattern, and gene position? | Homologous chrosomes |
| A somatic/normal body cell divides into what before it becomes too big? | 2 daughter cells |
| Each daughter cell is 1.__________ to the mother cell? | Identical |
| The daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information during cell division and becomes identical to the mother cell. | ♥♥♥ It's true! ♥♥♥ |
| What is the genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by what? | Chromosomes |
| Before cell division, each chromosome is replicated and consists of 2 identical 1.________ | Sister chromatids |
| Chromosomes spend most of their time as 1._____ -long strands of DNA that are relaxed. | Chromatin |
| When cells get ready to divide, 1._________ condenses into 2.__________. | 1. Chromatin 2. Chromosomes |
| How does photosynthesis benefit heterotrophs? | It creates food they can eat |
| What happens during cellular respiration? | Glucose is broken down, releasing energy. |
| Animals store glucose as? | Starches |
| What happens during the cell cycle in order: 1. 2. 3. | 1.A cell grows 2.A cell prepares for cell division 3. It divides to form 2 identical daughter cells |
| What is the official name for the division of the nucleus? | Mitosis |
| Mitosos occurs in how many phases | 4 phases |
| List the interphase phases. | 1. G1-cell growth 2. S-DNA replication 3. G2-preperation for mitosis |
| List the events of mitosis in order. | 1. Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase 4. Telophase |
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