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periodic table
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
mass | the material/stuff that matter is made up of- it can be measured |
space/volume | the specific area/ place that matter takes up |
electron | particle of an atom with a negative charge,moves around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe. |
neutron | particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus |
periodic table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
element | the simplest substances that cannot be broken down/ they make up all matter they make up all matter in the universe. |
periods/rows | rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around. |
groups or family/columns | columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has/ the number of electrons that can move on its outer shell/ energy level |
valence electrons | the electrons that move on the outer shell / energy level of an atom |
atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus usually is same number of neutrons and electrons |
atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming and different compounds and molecule |
physical property | the state of matter and appearance of a substance |
ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent bond | when elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical change/reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons crating some type of reaction and change |
compound molecule | two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/pattern creating a whole new and different substance |
mixture | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties the do not change into a new substance or compound |
Nobel Gases | all of the elements in group number 18 they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell |
Hologens | all of the the elements in group # 17 they are very reactive bonding easily with elements in group #1 because they have seven valence electrons. |
alkali metals | all of the elements in group #1- they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron. |
metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons. |