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Life Sci - Chap 20
study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the seven land biomes. | Temperate Deciduous forest, coniferous forest, tropical rain forest, temperate grasslands, savanna, desert, tundra |
| What is a biome? | large area characterized by its climate and the plants and animals that live there |
| Distinguish between abiotic and biotic factors. | abiotic factors are nonliving factors of the environment (ex: rocks, soil, temperature); biotic factors are the living factors of the environment (ex: plants and animals) |
| What is the temperature and rainfall of a deciduous forest? | Ave temps - 82 (summer), 43 (winter); rainfall - 30 to 50 inches per year |
| Explain the word deciduous. | deciduous trees shed their leaves each winter to save water. |
| How many seasons are in a deciduous forest? | 4 seasons |
| What is the temperature and rainfall of a coniferous forest? | Ave temp: 57 (summer), 14 (winter); rainfall: 14 to 30 inches yearly |
| Explain the word coniferous. | trees that produce seeds in cones - also called evergreen trees. |
| How many seasons are in a coniferous forest? | 4 seasons |
| What is the temperature and rainfall of a tropical rain forest? | Ave temp: 93 (daytime), 68 (nighttime); rainfall: 160 inches yearly |
| What is the main characteristic of a rainforest? | (highest biological diversity in the world) |
| How many seasons are in a tropical rainforest? | 2 seasons |
| List the two types of grasslands. | temperate and savanna |
| Explain the differences between the two types of grasslands. | Temperate - includes grasses and other flowering plants-found mostly in North Am and Russia; Savanna - grassland - scattered clumps of trees & very seasonal rain-found in Africa, India & South Am. |
| How many seasons are in a temperate grassland? | 4 seasons |
| How many seasons are in a savanna? | 2 seasons, wet season and dry season - dry season is more predominate |
| What is the temperature and rainfall of a temperate grassland? | Ave temp: 86 (summer), 32 (winter); rainfall: 10 to 30 inches per year |
| What is the temperature and rainfall of a savanna? | Ave temp: 93 (dry season) and 61 (wet season); rainfall - 39 inches |
| Define a desert. | region that has little or no plant life, long periods without rain, and extreme temperature - usu found in hot climates |
| How many seasons are in a desert? | 4 seasons - summer most predominant; (temperatures vary the most in this biome in a 24 hour period) |
| What is the temperature and rainfall of a desert? | ave temp: 100 (summer), 45 (winter);rainfall - 10 inches or less |
| Explain the differences between a polar and alpine tundra. | polar tundra is found near the N & S poles - it develops permafrost; alpine tundra also has permafrost but is found on the tops of tall mountains - it is above the tree line |
| Define the term permafrost? | layer of soil beneath the surface soil that stays frozen all the time |
| Define the term tree line. | it describes an elevation - it is the highest elevation that trees will grow at |
| The microscopic free-swimming organism in freshwater and marine. | plankton (producer) |
| List the three abiotic factors that shape marine ecosystems. | water temperature, water depth and amount of sunlight, salt content of water |
| Describe the four major ocean zones. | intertidal, neritic, oceanic and benthic |
| Explain what intertidal areas are defined as. | they are found near the shore; includes mudflats, sandy beaches and rocky shores - organisms that live in this area must be able to live in or out of water |
| Explain what the coral reefs are defined as. | found in warm, shallow water (neritic zone) - it is living - small stationary animals |
| Explain what estuaries are defined as. | where fresh and salt water meet and mix; swamps and marshes |
| Define what polar ice is. | icy water that contains lots of nutrients (since it is frozen it is fresh water |
| What are the differences between a stream and river. | streams are small, slower flowing - as more streams come together they join to form a river (a strong, wide stream) |
| Define the littoral zone of a pond or lake. | shallow zone of a lake or pond where light reaches the bottom and nutures plants |
| Define an open-water zone of a pond or lake. | sone of the pond or lake that extends from the littoral zone and that is only as deep as light can reach |
| Define deep-water zone of a pond or lake. | zone of a lake or pond below the open-water zone, where no light reaches |
| Explain the ecosystem of a marsh. | Contains fresh & salt water - grasses but no trees |
| Explain the ecosystem of a swamp. | fresh & salt water - trees and shrubs grow there. |
Created by:
msparks
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