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ch 16 clinical skill

gastrointestinal evaluations and procedures

QuestionAnswer
doctor who specializes in diseases and disorders of the GI tract Gastroenterologist
doctor who specializes in the treatment of the lower colon, rectum and anus Proctologist
doctor who specializes in treatment of liver disorders Hepatologist
instrument used to examine the anus anoscope
instrument used to examine the anus and rectum proctoscope
pain that occurs when hollow organs of the GI tract contract or distend Visceral pain
pain caused by inflammation and aggravated by movement Parietal pain
pain felt away from the actual pain site Referred pain
tests for hidden blood in the stool fecal occult blood test
cracks in the anal skin usually caused by hard bowel movements fissures
test that looks for various types of bacterial in the stool stool culture
test for a specific bacteria in the stool that usually results in uncontrollable diarrhea and is a result of antibiotic therapy Clostridium Difficile(C-Diff)
tests that is performed to identify intestinal parasites and their eggs, usually done on people who travel to other countries Ova and Parasites (O&P)
family history; Eastern European Jews; history of polyps; inflammatory bowel disease;increased age;high fat diet;inactivity; diabetes; smoking; heavy alcohol use risk factor associated with colorectal cancer
recommendations for early colorectal detection for patients with average risk first at age fifty then every ten years after
patients with strong risk factors or history of polyps should be screened every 1-6 years
probe is placed through the patients nose down to the distal esophagus to record the pH for 24 hours 24-hour pH monitoring
entire colon is examined with a flexible lighted videoscope colonoscopy
the esophagus, stomach and first portion of the small intestine is examined with a lighted videoscope endoscopy
an abnoral growth extending from the interior of the colon polyp
instructions given to patients prior to an endoscopy or colonoscopy NPO after midnight; clear liquids day before test;avoid dairy products, alcohol and blood thinners; have a ride home
Patients receiving a endoscopy or colonoscopy need someone to drive them home because the procedure requires IV or conscious sedation
additional instructions given to a patient receiving a colonoscopy various forms of laxatives prescribed by the doctor
medical term for endoscopy esophagogastroduodenoscopy
recommended interval for fecal occult blood test every year
recommended interval for colonoscopy every 10 years with no risk factors
stool that is black and tarry melena
stomach acid backs up from the stomach into the espophagus GERD
acute or chronic inflammation of the colon ulcerative colitis
inflammation of any portion of the GI tract,most common site is the terminal ileum Crohns disease
inflammation from Crohns can lead to intestinal thickening. edema, abscesses,fistulas
treatment for Crohns can include steroids, antibiotics,immunosupressive drugs
chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the liver cirrhosis
risk factors for colorectal cancer advanced age; family hx; polyps; obesity; IBS; inactivity; smoking; type 2 diabetes; diet high in red and processed meats; heavy alcohol consumption
most common GI disorder in the US IBS
signs and symptoms of IBS intermittent abdominal pain; cramping; bloating; diarrhea and/or constipation
treatment of IBS stress management and lifestyle change; medications
laxative miralax
antacid prilosec, zantac, protonix
antidiarrheal imodium
antiemetic zofran, compazine
med for IBS lotronex, amitiza
med for GERD aciphex
med for ulcerative colitis asacol
common antibiotics for intra abdominal infections cipro and flagyl
inflammation of diverticulum diverticulitis
bright red blood from rectum hematochezia
bright red rectal bleeding may indicate lower GI bleeding
black tarry stools may indicate upper GI bleed
medical term for upper endoscopy esophagogastroduodenoscopy
medical term for ERCP Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Created by: clarevoyant1019
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