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Neuroscience Ch. 1

Chapter 1 Neuroanatomy for Speech Language Pathology and Audiology

QuestionAnswer
Definition of Neurology Study of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system
Definition of Anatomy Study of the structure
Definition of Physiology study of the function or structures in motion
Definition of pathology study of the disease process that affect both anatomy and physiolgy
neuropathology affects both anatomy and physiology of neurons and leads to serious neurological problems
nervous system series of organs that make communication between the brain and body possible
neurological disorder involves disease in the nervous system and impairs a persons health
function barrier problems in body function or alterations in body structure
activity barriers difficulties in executing activities especially daily living
participation barriers problems with involvement in any area of life
Alzheimer's Disease progressive neurological disorder that results in intellectual decline
Parkinson's Disease degenerative disorder of the CNS characterized by tremors
incidence # of occurrences, statistic
prevalence # of cases in a given population at a point in time
trephines thephination tools, usually sharp stones used to create holes in the skull
hemiplegia weakness to one side of the body
ventricles open spaces in the brain
cell doctrine the belief that the brains ventricles (cells) have psychic gases (humors) in them responsible for mental function
phrenology based on the belief that bumps on the skull correspond to certain brain areas (and only those areas) that performed certain mental functions
holism based on the belief that the whole brain is involved in mental function, rather than a discrete part of the brain
connectionism The belief that there are centers in the brain responsible for certain functions, but that these areas are connected together and work cooperatively
encephalitis and meningitis are examples of what inflammatory diseases
Huntington's disease is an example of what systematic atrophies of the CNS
Parkinson's disease is an example of what Extra-pyramidal and movement disorder
Alzheimer's disease is an example of what degenerative disease of the nervous system
Multiple Sclerosis is an example of what Demyelinating disease of the CNS
Bell's Palsy is an example of Nerve, Nerve root, and plexus disorders
Epilepsy is an example of episodic and paroxysmal disorders
Guillain- Barre syndrome is an example of what Polyneuropathies and other disorders of the peripheral nervous system
Myasthenia gravis is an example of diseases of the myoneural junction and muscle
cerebral palsy and spinal cord injury are examples of what cerebral palsy and other paralytic conditions
Anoxia is an example of what other disorders of the nervous system
A progressive neurological disease that results in a general intellectual decline is Alzheimer's disease
The process of creating a hole in the skull through cutting scraping or drilling in order to relieve neurological problems is trephination
The belief that the brain's ventricles (cells) have psychic gases (humors) in them responsible for mental functions cell doctrine
A degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremors is Parkinson's Disease
Based on the belief that bumps on the skull corresponded to certain brain areas (and only those areas) that preformed certain mental functions Phrenology
The study of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system neurology
Problems in body function or alterations in body structure such as paralysis and blindness function barriers
Belief that the whole brain is involved in a mental function, not just a discrete part of the brain holism
structure of the body anatomy
the study of disease processes that affect both anatomy and physiology pathology
A person who believes that humans are two substances, a material body with a brain, and an immaterial soul with a mind dualist
The debate about whether humans have a mind and a brain or just a brain that is either the same thing as the mind or that gives rise to a mind mind brain debate
A disease of the nervous system that impairs a person's health resulting in some level of disability neurological disorder
Problems with involvement in any area of life such as education, employment participation barriers
Difficulties in executing daily activities, especially skills of daily living like walking or eating activity barriers
the study of the body's function physiology
spaces in the brain that contain cerebro-spinal fluid ventricles
weakness on one side of the body hemiplegia
the number of new cases per year in a given population incidence
the number of current cases in a given population at a given point in time prevalence
A person who believes that humans are one substance a material body with a brain/mind monist
The belief that there are centers in the brain responsible for certain functions but that these areas are linked together and work cooperatively connectionism
problem with involvement in any area of life handicap
holders of the "cell Doctrine" believed mental functions are centered on what anatomical part ventricles
problem in body function or alteration in body structure impairment
the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination comes from what school of thought connectionism
what does neurology involve anatomy, physiology, and pathology
the study of disease processes is called pathology
which school of thought believes humans are two substances a material body (brain) and an immaterial soul (mind) dualism
which historical figure had the famous patient Tan and theorized that language production was localized to the left frontal lobe Paul Broca
Created by: clp26570
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