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8.2 Bio
Term | Definition |
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binary fission | a form of sexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which 1 cell divides into 2 cells of the same size |
Mitosis | in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms 2 new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
Asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes and in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
Meiosis | a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by 2 divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores) |
Gamete | a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote |
Interphase | a period between 2 mitotic or meiotic divisions during which the cell grows, copies its DNA, and synthesizes proteins |
Cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasma of a cell; cytokinesis follows the division of the cell's nucleus by mitosis or meiosis |
Prophase | the first stage of mitosis and meiosis in cell division; characterized by the condensation of the chromosomes |
Spindle fiber | 1 of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell; assists in the movement of chromosomes |
Metaphase | 1 of the stages of mitosis and meiosis, during which all of the chromosomes move to the cell's equator |
Anaphase | a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate |
Telophase | the final stage of mitosis or meiosis, during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes |
Cell plate | the precursor of a new plant cell wall that forms during cell division and divides a cell into 2 |