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sociology ch10
family
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is family | social group whose members are related by ancestry, marriage, or adoption and live together, cooperate economically and care for the young |
| nuclear family arrangement | spouses and offspring constitute the core relationship; blood relatives are functionally marginal and peripheral |
| extended family arrangement | kin-individuals related by common ancestry- provide core relationship; spouses are functionally marginal and peripheral |
| family of orientation | individuals own mother, father, and siblings |
| family of procreation | consists of oneself and one's spouse and children |
| patrilineal arrangement | a people reckon descent and transmit property through the line of the father |
| matrilineal arrangement | descent and inheritance take place through the the mothers side of the family |
| bilineal arrangement | both sides of an individuals family are equally important |
| patrilocal residence | bride and groom live in the household or community of the husbands family |
| matrilocal residence | bride and groom live in household or community of the wife's family |
| neolocal residence | bride and groom set up a new place of residence independent of either of their parents or other relatives |
| patriarchal authority | eldest male or the husband dominant figure |
| matriarchal authorityq | eldest female or wife dominant figure: very rare but can arise through default upon death or desertion of the husband |
| egalitarian authority | power and authority are evenly distributed between husband and wife |
| marriage | socially approved sexual union between two or more individuals that is undertaken with some idea of permanence. parties to a marriage must be between two different kin groups |
| endogamy | requirement that marriage occur within a group. ie. marry within class, race, ethnic group, or religion |
| exogamy | is the requirement that marriage occur outside a group. ie. marry outside their kin group be it their immediate nuclear family, clan or tribe |
| incest taboos | rules that prohibit sexual intercourse with close blood relatives and exist today in virtually every society, however was not the case for older societies like egypt, inca and dahomey |
| monogamy | one wife and one husband |
| polygyny | one husband and two or more wives |
| polyandry | two or more husbands and one wife |
| group marriage | two or more husbands and two or more wives |
| romantic love | strong physical attraction and emotional attraction between a man and woman |
| child marriage | employed one time in india, child bride would live with her husband in a marriage that was not physically consummated until much later |
| arranged marriage | the parents of the bride and groom make the arrangements for the marriage , sometimes when both are too young to marry but also when both are of marriageable ages |
| social isolation | young people isolated from potential mates. ie MAnus of Admirally Islands put young women in a lodge built on stilts above a lagoon. |
| close supervision | supervised by chaperones (17th century puritans) |
| peer and parental pressures | parents often threaten, cajole, wheedle, and bribe their children to limit their social contacts to youth with "suitable" ethnic, religious, and educational backgrounds |
| homogamy | the tendencyof like to marry like. people of similar age, race, religion, nationality, education, intelligence, health, stature, attitudes and countless other traits tend to marry one another. |
| matching hypothesis | The notion that we typically experience the greatest playoff and the least cost when we select partners who have a degree of physical attractiveness similar to our own |
| kodak family | stereotypical US family as a social unit consisting of mom, pop, and the kids, living alone in a comfortable home of their own |
| complementary needs theory | Two different personality traits that are the counterparts of each other and that provide a sense of completeness when they are joined |
| exchange theory | The view proposing that people involved in a mutually satisfying relationship will exchange behaviors that have low cost and high reward. We like those who reward us and dislike those who punish us |
| family life course | Changes and realignments (in nuclear families that are not disrupted by divorce, desertion, or death) related to the altered expectations and requirements imposed on a husband and a wife as children are born and grow up |
| lifestyle | The overall pattern of living that people evolve to meet their biological, social, and emotional needs. |
| Stepfamilies (reconstituted/blended) | relationship with other families caused by remarriage |
| cohabitation | A living arrangement in which unmarried adults who share living quarters with an unrelated adult of the opposite sex. Has recently increased |
| homosexuality | a preference for an individual of the same sex as a sexual partner |
| Constructionalist view of homosexuality | homosexuality and heterosexuality are social constructions that describe behaviors, roles that people may play, and identities, not inherent characteristics of persons |
| essentialist view of homosexuality | homosexual orientation is either inborn or is fixed very early in one’s development and thus is an inherent part of what an individual is |
| functionalist perspective on family stresses | an important function of the family is care and protection of family members. (but evidence on child abuse demonstrates that families do not always serve this function.) |
| Needs essential to the emotional and physical health and development of babies and children (7 needs) | ongoing nurturing relationship2)physicalprotection regulation&safety3)experiences tailored2individual differences4)developmentally appropriate experiences5limit setting structure&expectations6stable supportive community&cultural continuity7protectedfuture |
| sequencing | arranging one’s life to provide time to work, time to have children and stay home with them, and time to reenter the outside workforce again. |
| displaced homemakers | middle-aged elderly women especially devastated by divorce who often have dedicated themselves to managing a home and raising children and then find themselves jettisoned after years of marriage |
| Functionalist perspective on family | identify a number of functions families typically perform: reproduction, socialization, care, protection, and emotional support, assignment of status, and regulation of sexual behavior through the norm of legitimacy |
| functionalist perspective on family cont | family confers ascribed statuses that orient a person2a variety of interpersonal relationships,involving parents,siblings,&other kin,&that2.orient a person2basic group memberships,including racial,ethnic,religious,class,national,&community relationships |
| conflict perspective on family | conflict theorists have seen the family as a social arrangement benefiting men more than women. Some conflict sociologists say that intimate relationships inevitably involve antagonism as well as love |
| interactionist perspective on family | symbolic interactionists emphasize that families reinforce and rejuvenate their bonds through the symbolic mechanism of rituals such as family meals and holidays. |
Created by:
lbcontreras
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