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FCPS Medicine01

Cardiology

QuestionAnswer
The heart acts as two serial pumps that share several electrical and mechanical components.
The right heart circulates blood to the lungs where it is oxygenated
the left heart receives this and circulates it to the rest of the body .
The atria are thin walled structures that act as priming pumps for the ventricles, which provide most of the energy to the circulation.
Within the mediastinum, the atria are situated posteriorly and the left atrium (LA) sits anterior to the oesophagus and descending aorta.
The interatrial septum separates the two atria
In 20% of adults, a patent foramen ovale is found
this communication (patent foramen ovale)in the fetal circulation between the right and left atria normally closes at birth.
The right atrium (RA) receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae and the coronary sinus.
The LA receives blood from four pulmonary veins two from each of the left and right lungs.
The ventricles are thick-walled structures, adapted to circulating blood through large vascular beds under pressure.
The atria and ventricles are separated by the annulus fbrosus
the annulus fbrosus which forms the skeleton for the atrioventricular (AV) valves and which electrically insulates the atria from the ventricles.
Created by: kaish98bd
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