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Disease Chapter 1-4
Disease Process Worksheet Chapters 1-4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1. What does MRSA stand for? | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
2. List two chronic conditions. | CKD, COPD |
3. List two acute conditions. | Leukemia, Myocardial Infarction |
4. Where in the medical record documentation will I find information about the patient’s chronic conditions? | PMH, H&P, medication lists, consults, problem lists |
5. List two causes of prematurity. | Incompetent cervix; toxic conditions; maternal infection; trauma; premature rupture of the amniotic membranes; HX of previous miscarriages; multiple gestation; diabetes, heart and kidney disease, poor nutrition, substance abuse, and lack of prenatal care |
6. List signs of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | The first sign is often the collapse of a seemingly healthy young athlete during a strenuous sporting event or other period of stressful exercise. This collapse can be followed by cardiac arrest caused by a cardiac arrhythmia. |
List symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | chest pain, syncope, hypertension, palpitations, or shortness of breath. Some report experiencing fatigue, shortness of breath when lying down, or reduced tolerance of activity |
7. Explain how retinopathy of prematurity is diagnosed. | Examination by ophthalmologist |
8. List symptoms and signs of Down syndrome. | decreased or poor muscle tone, short neck, slanting eyes |
9. What is the cause of cerebral palsy? | Cerebral palsy usually stems from inadequate blood or oxygen supply to the brain during fetal development, during the birth process, or in early childhood until about 9 years of age. |
10. Describe patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). | The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital birth defect in which the ductus arteriosis fails to close after birth. |
11. List the major clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis. | abnormally thick mucous, bronchial obstruction with statis of secretions and malabsorption of fat and protein in the intestines, obstruction of ducts in the pancreas and obstruction of bile ducts in the liver |
12. Identify the organism responsible for causing chickenpox. | Varicella-zoster |
13. List the four abnormalities present in the heart in an infant who has tetralogy of Fallot. | Ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, dextroposition of the aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy |
14. Is there a cure for HIV? | No |
15. Identify the treatment option for SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency). | IVIG, prophylaxis for Pneuocystisi jiroveicii and RSV, BMT |
16. Identify two opportunistic conditions associated with HIV/AIDS. | TB and Pneumonia, recurrent |
17. Name a disease that causes thickening of the skin. | Scleroderma |
18. What is a common characteristic of multiple sclerosis. | Weakness or numbness in one or more limbs, optic neuritis and other visual problems, unsteady gait etc. Cerebral and Spinal plaque on MRI is characteristic of MS. |
19. What vitamin is used to treat pernicious anemia? | Vitamin B12 |
20. Myasthenia gravis is treated with? | Mestinon, thymectomy is thymoma is present, corticosteroids. |
21. What treatment would cure most types of severe combined immunodeficiency? | BMT (Bone Marrow Transplant) |
22. Describe the symptoms of Cushing’s Syndrome. | Fatigue, muscle weakness, weight gain, changes in body appearance (i.e. moon face, buffalo humps, protruding abdomen) |
23. List five oral medications that are commonly used to treat DM type 2. | Glucotrol Glucovance Avandaryl Duetact Metaglip |
24. What type of diabetes has it onset during pregnancy? | Gestational diabetes |
25. Name one of the clinical features of Hashimoto’s disease. | Lumpy enlargement of the thyroid which can result in trouble swallowing. Some symptoms include sensitivity to cold, weight gain, fatigue, depression, and mental apathy. |
26. List a medication that is used to treat hypothyroidism. | Synthroid, Levothroid (levothyroxine) |
27. Which gland regulates the metabolism of calcium? | Parathyroid |
28. List 2 symptoms of diabetes? | Polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, weight loss and fatigue |
29. The TNM system of staging assesses three things. What are they? | Tumor location and size, nodal spread and distant metastasis |
30. List one treatment for hydrocephalus. | Ventricular shunt |