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Cell Division
Term | Definition |
---|---|
mitosis | division of the nucleus |
cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
chromatid | one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome |
centromere | area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached |
interphase | period of the cell cycle between cell divisions; when the cell is preparing to divide |
cell cycle | series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide |
prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus |
centriole | paired organelle found near the nucleus that is involved in the development of spindle fibers during cell division |
metaphase | second phase of cell division, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell |
anaphase | the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles |
telophase | fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material |
cyclin | proteins that regulate the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells |
cancer | disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth |
chromatin | granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
chromosome | threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |