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CRC - Legislation
Brief History of Legislation for VR
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| National Defense Act | Provided an opportunity for soldiers to receive instruction to facilitate their return to civilian life and country recognized obligation to persons injured in service to their country |
| Smith Hughes Act | established Federal-State Program in voc. education and created a Federal Board of Vocational Education for disabled veterans |
| Smith-Sears Veterans Rehabilitation Act | expanded Federal Board of Vocational Rehabilitation to provide services to those injured in WWI |
| Smith Fess Act | began rehabilitation program for all Americans with disabilities patterned after the Soldier's Rehab act |
| Main focus of Smith Fess Act | Vocational guidance, training, occupational adjustment, prosthetics, and placement services |
| Funding for Smith Fess Act | 50-50 state and federal match |
| Disabilities served by Smith Fess Act | ONLY Physical disabilities, no mental disabilities |
| Year of National Defense Act | 1916 |
| Year of Smith Fess Act | 1917 |
| Year of Smith-Sears Veterans Rehabilitation Act | 1918 |
| Other name for Smith-Sears Veterans Rehabilitation Act | Soldier's Rehab Act |
| Other name for Smith Fess Act | Civilian's Rehabilitation Act |
| Social Security act | Enacted to establish income maintenance system that targets those unable to work |
| Year of Social Security Act | 1935 |
| Provisions in Social Security Act | Included furnishing medical and therapeutic services for crippled children and made permanent the VR program |
| Social Security Act provided _________ | continuous authorizations, increased grant awards, and increased support from the federal government |
| Randolph Sheppard Act | recognized that persons who were blind had vocational potential |
| Year of Randolph Sheppard Act | 1936 |
| Randolph Sheppard Act State Authority | authority to license qualified persons with blindness to operate vending stands in federal buildings |
| Other name for Vocational rehabilitation Amendments | Barden-Lafollette Act |
| Year of Barden-Lafollette Act | 1943 |
| Barden-Lafollette Act | made substantial changes in the federal/state program of rehabilitation |
| Changes to Federal/State program from Barden-Lafollette Act | Broadening financial provisions, offered a comprehensive definition of vocational rehab, expanded services to include physical restoration, and each state had to submit a written plan foir approval by the fed. as to how money would be used |
| Expansion of Services from | On a limited bases persons who were mentally handicapped and mentally ill |
| Barden-Lafollette Act for the blind | fostered separate agencies for general rehabilitation and rehabilitation of persons who were blind |
| 1948 Legislation | To aid returning WWII veterans, Congress passed prohibition of discriminating based on physical handicap in the US Civil Service employment |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Amendments in 1954 | reshaped the roles of the federal and state government in the rehab program by establishing a working relationship between public and private rehab and expanding state agencies |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Amendments in 1954 Funding Source establishment | 1. College and university training of rehab professionals, 2. improvement and remodeling of rehab facilities, and 3. research/demonstration grants |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Amendments in 1954 Federal funding change | increased federal funding to state to 3 federal dollars for each 2 dollars from state |
| Disabilities served through Vocational Rehabilitation Amendments in 1954 | increased services to persons with mental retardation and mental illness |
| American National Standards Institute | issued the first minimum requirements relating to architectural access to common structures in 1961 |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1965 | expanded services to include person with socially handicapping conditions such as alcoholism, lack of education, and prison records |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1965 Expansion of Evaluation | Expanded evaluation to determine the individual eligibility for services where feasibility was not easily determined |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1965 impact on VR Counselors | VR counselors can take more risks in serving persons with vocational handicaps thereby serving more people with severe disabilities |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1965 agency established | National Commission on Architectural Barriers |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1965 federal funding | increased funding match to 75% |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1965 deletion | deleted economic need as a general requirement for services |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1967 | provided rehabilitation services for migratory workers, eliminated the state residency requirement, and supported the construction and operation of the National Center for Deaf/Blind Youth and Adults |
| National Center for Deaf/Blind Youth and Adults | established in 1967 by Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1968 | added follow up services for maintaining a person with a handicap in employment and provided services to family members |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1968 Voc. Evaluation | gave authority to provide vocational evaluation and work adjustment services to persons disadvantaged by reasons of age, level of vocational attainment, ethnic or other factors |
| Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments in 1968 federal funding | Federal share increased to 80% |
| Architectural Barriers Act year | 1968 |
| Architectural Barriers Act | required buildings constructed with federal funds or leased by the Federal Government to be accessible to the people who were handicapped |
| Urban Mass Transportation Act | required local transportation authorities to plan and design mass transit systems to be accessible to people who were handicapped |
| Urban Mass Transportation Act Year | 1970 |
| Javitts-Wagner-O'Day Act Year | 1971 |
| Javitts-Wagner-O'Day Act | retained priority for blindness in the provision of products for the federal government and added people with severe handicaps as eligible for participation |
| Court cases in 1971 for education of handicapped children | Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children vs. Pennsylvania and Mills vs. Board of Education |
| Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children vs. Pennsylvania and Mills vs. Board of Education established _____ | denying education to handicapped children or treating them differently within the educational system was a denial of equal protection and due process under the U.S. constitution |
| Rehabilitation Act year | 1973 |
| Rehabilitation Act | first act to address the notion of equal access of people with disabilities through the removal of architectural, employment, and transportation barriers |
| Title V | further supported the rights of persons with disabilities through affirmative action emphasis and the legal |
| Title V Section 501 | Focus on federal government's hiring practices |
| Title V Section 502 | created the Architectural and Transportation barriers Compliance board to enforce standards set under the Architectural barreirs Act of 1968 |
| Title V Section 503 | Prohibited discrimination in employment on the basis of physical or mental handicap on the part of businesses with federal contract or their subcontractors |
| Title V Section 504 | Prohibited discrimination on the basis of physical and mental handicaps in programs receiving federal discrimination on the basis of physical and mental handicaps in programs receiving federal funds |
| Client Assistance Demonstration Projects | established by Section 504 to provide assistance in informing and advising clients and applicants of all available benefits under the act |
| Section 504 emphasis | priority of services for persons with the most severe handicap and the development of the Individual Written Rehabilitation plan |
| Rehabilitation Services Administration | established by section 504 |
| Title V Section 508 | Addressed issues related to access to communication and computer technology, but has not really taken effect until recently |
| Federal Aid Highway Act year | 1973 |
| Federal Aid Highway Act | required transportation facilities receiving Federal assistance to be accessible |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1974 | included a broader definition of handicapped individuals, transferred the Rehab Services Admin to the Dept. of Health, strengthened the Randolph-Sheppard Act, and provided for convening a White House Conference on "Handicapped Individuals" |
| The Education for All Handicapped Children Act year enacted | 1975 |
| Education for All Handicapped Children Act | Ensured a free, appropriate, public education for all students with handicapping conditions and established a students right to receive related services that are developmental, corrective, or other supportive services |
| Why groups of individuals with disabilities take over federal buildings across the country in 1977? | In protest because the rules and regulations associated with Section 504 had not been signed by the Secretary of Health for implementation |
| How long did take over in Sanfrancisco last? | 29 days and only ended after the rules and regulations were signed to implement the provisions and protections of non-discrimination based on disability |
| Year the Education for all Handicapped Children Act implemented | 1977 |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1978 | provided comprehensive services for independent living through Title VII including provisions for comprehensive services, Centers for Independent Living, Independent Living Services for Older Blind |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1978 mandate | Applicants for funds under Title VII provide assurance that individuals with disabilities would be employed, substantially involved in policy, and consulted on the direction and management of ILC |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1978 focus | recognized that achievement of substantially gainful activity (employment) was not the only significant outcome that could be gained from the rehab system and expanded the view of the persons with needs that cut across |
| What other ethnicity did the Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1978 include? | Native American tribes |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1984 | established Client Assistance Programs in each state and inserted qualified before the word personnel for training programs in the Act |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1986 | stipulated that rehabilitation services are to be provided by qualified personnel and defined supported employment as an acceptable goal |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1986 State Agency Program | established to assist to develop and implement supported employment services |
| Code of Federal Regulations year | 1987 |
| Code of Federal Regulations | extended the services under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act to include school health services, social work services in schools, and parent counseling and training |
| Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act year | 1988 |
| Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act | provided states with grants to achieve systems change so that assistive devices and services will be available to under served groups, making all ages as entitled to equal access to opportunities in assistive technology |
| 1st law to mandate for consumer-responsive services and inclusion of PWD in planning, implementing and evaluating progress | Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act |
| Gallaudet University Strike year | 1988 |
| Gallaudet University strike | students strike and close the university in protest to the appointment of another non-Deaf university president, officials finally relent and appointed the school's first Deaf president |
| The Americans with Disabilities Act year | 1990 |
| The Americans with Disabilities Act | guaranteed the rights of PWDs to equal access to and non-discriminatory behavior based on disability |
| How many titles in the ADA | 5 |
| ADA Title I | employment |
| ADA Title II | Government services including transportation |
| ADA Title III | Public Accommodations |
| ADA Title IV | Telecommunications |
| ADA Title V | Other services, such as insurance |
| Underlying premise of ADA | Inclusion, integration, accommodation, and accessibility |
| Individuals with Disabilities Education Act | amended the Education for all Handicapped Children Act, changing its names and adding rehabilitation counseling, recreation, and social work services to the federal definition |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1992 | Emphasized employment as the primary goal of rehabilitation |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1992 mandate | presumptive employability, meaning applicants will be presumed to be employable unless proven otherwise |
| Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1992 Eligible individual requirements | must be provided choice and increased control in determining the VR goals and objectives, determining services, providers of services, and methods to provide and/or secure services |
| Amendments to the ADA year | 2008 |
| Amendments to the ADA | reiterate who is covered by the ADA civil right protections and revises the definition of disability to more broadly encompass impairments that substantially limit a major life activity |
| Amendments to the ADA mitigating measures | Including assistive devices, auxiliary aids, accommodations, medical therapies, and supplies other than eyeglasses have no bearing in determining whether a disability qualifies under the law |
| Amendments to the ADA Clarification of impairments | coverage of impairments that episodic or in remission when active, such as epilepsy or PTSD that can substantially limit a major life activity |
| Amendments to the ADA date took effect | January 1, 2009 |
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