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Section 4
Notes from CRC Exam Prep Book
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does a rehab client facilitate vocational decision making? | must be exposed systematically to the world of work; develop insights for skills, abilities, interests, and physical functioning; and be sensitive to labor market constraints |
| What must rehab counselors be knowledgeable about? | o Career dev theories o Comm resources o Med and psychosocial aspects of disability o Voc implications of disabling conditions o Work demands and reqs of different occs o Job trends and training opp o Availability of job accomm o Job placetech |
| What is the unemployment rate of PWDS? | 16.4% |
| What is the unemployment rate of those without diagnosis? | 9.5% |
| What is the DOT and what does it do? | Dictionary of occupational titles; DOT uses a nine-digit code to classify occupations and analyzed in terms of necessary or desirable characteristics of the worker that derived from job analysis schedules |
| What is the DOT CODE structure? | o First three digits describe a category, division, group o Middle three digits describe tasks along a data-people-thing category o Last three digits alphabetize the order of titles within the six digit code set |
| What are examples of job schedules that the DOT might use? | Worker functions Vocational aptitudes Temperaments Interests Physical demands Working conditions General education development and specific vocational preparation |
| What is the O*Net and what does it do? | a database of occupational requirements and worker attributes developed using a modern empirically based framework and methodology for obtaining occupational information |
| How does the O*Net describe occupations? | in terms of the skills and knowledge requirements, how the work is performed, and typical work settings. |
| How does the O*Net database source descriptors? | Skills Abilities Work context Experience levels required Job interests Work values/needs Work styles |
| What is the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and who is it used by? | is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories and 840 detailed occupations for the purpose of collecting, calculating, or disseminating data. |
| What is the SOC CODE structure? | o Major group ends with 0000 o Minor group ends with 000 o Broad occupations end with 0 o Detailed occupations end with a number other than 0 |
| What is the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)? | the standard used by federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the US business economy. |
| What is the NAICS Code structure? | o 1st and 2nd digits designate major economic sector o 3rd digit designates economic subsector o 4th digit designates industry group o 5th digit designates specific industry |
| What is the Occupational Outlook Handbook? | developed by the US DOL and its latest edition was revised and updated in 2010 that provides information for over 250 different occupations and is Clustered into 19 broad occupational categories |
| What is the Occupational outlook Handbooks occupational categories? | Nature of work Typical functions Working conditions Employment prospect Education preparation Training Other qualifications Employment outlook Wage or salary levels Related occupations Sources of additional information |
| What is job analysis? | a systematic study of the worker in terms of what the worker does, the methods and techniques one employs, the resulting products or services one produces, and the traits necessary to accomplish the job. |
| What is job analysis important to rehab counselors? | Is an important skillset used by rehab counselors to analyze the essential functions of a job to determine transferrable skills, job accommodation needs, and job placement |
| What does job analysis involve? | o Involves breaking down the total job into tasks and/or subtasks, determining how the job is performed, what is accomplished, where it is performed, and why it is performed |
| What determinations must be made in job analysis? | o Involves determining the tools, equipment, machines, work aids, and materials used. o Involves determining the physical requirements, environmental conditions and special vocational preparation required. |
| What factors must be analyzed what considering job analysis? | Purpose DOT data Hiring reqs Salary Tasks Voc aptitudes Temperament Physical demand Interest Working cond General ed dev Specific voc prep Tools and machines used Interpersonal interactions Unscheduled demands Architectural barriers. |
| How can career counseling help PWDs? | can help people with disabilities crystallize their vocational goals and help them obtain career-based occupations consistent with their interest and abilities. |
| Who is the founder of career dev theory? | Parsons (1909) |
| What theory did Parsons develop? | trait Factor Theory |
| What is a trait in the trait factor theory? | an operational characteristic of an individual |
| What is a factor in the trait factor theory? | a characteristic necessary for successful job performance. |
| What are the career stages in trait-factor theory? | Self-understanding Awareness of work requirements and conditions Reasoning on the interaction of self-knowledge and vocational information. |
| What are the Theoretical underpinnings of Person-Environmental Interaction Theory? | o Individuals have stable traits o Occupations require specific characteristics o Matches can be found between the job and the person |
| What is the work adjustment theory? | was originally developed in the 1960s to improve the work adjustment of voc rehab clients by Predicting variables of work adjustment using Satisfaction and Satisfactoriness |
| What is the main objective of the work adjustment theory? | Main objective is to assist individual to find permanent and satisfying work adjustment. |
| What is the difference between satisfaction and satisfactoriness in the work adjustment theory? | Satisfaction (individual’s satisfaction) Satisfactoriness (employer’s satisfaction) |
| What are the instruments used in person-environment interaction theory? | o Values o Personality o Interests o Aptitude |
| What are the instruments used in Work Adjustment theory? | o Abilities o Values o Personality |
| What is the work personality theory and who came up with it? | (Holland): Proposes that an individual’s career choice is based on his or her personality type. |
| What are the six categories of the work personality theory? | Realistic • Mechanical and athletic abilities Investigative • Math and science abilities Artistic • Artistic abilities Social • Social skills, dealing with people Enterprising • Leadership abilities Conventional • Clerical and math abilities. |
| What assessments can be used for personality types? | Self-Directed Search (SDS) and Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) |
| What is Super's Life Span Theory? | Super hypothesized that individuals with identify importance of work differently at varying periods in their life and Roles change because of saliency & nature of involvement |
| What are the two main concepts of Super’s Life Span Theory? | life role and life stage |
| What are the six major life roles in Super's Life Span theory? | Child Student Leisurite Citizen Worker Homemaker |
| What is Krumboltz's Social learning Theory? | Describes how individuals make career decisions based on cognition and behavior and suggests that clients need to expand their capabilities and interests |
| What are the Four factors that influence career decision making in Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory? | Genetic endowment Environmental conditions and events Learning experiences Task approach skills |
| What are the Outcomes of learning experiences in Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory? | Self-observation generalizations Worldview generalizations Task approach skills Actions |
| What do counselors need to do in Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory? | provide vocational counseling at all development stages |
| What do clients need to do in Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory? | o Clients need to prepare for changing work tasks o Clients need to be empowered to take a stance |
| What is job placement? | To obtain and retain competitive employment in integrated settings, individuals with disabilities must develop appropriate specific employability, general employability, and place-ability skills |
| What are specific employability skills? | Intelligence Aptitudes Temperament Physical capacity Job knowledge Are job specific and vary from one job class to another |
| What are general employability skills? | Not job specific Required in every job Grooming and hygiene Attendance Punctuality Interpersonal relationships Frustration tolerance Work stamina Productivity |
| What is place-ability? | Degree of sophistication in job-acquiring skills Addresses a person’s ability to obtain a job Resourcefulness Motivation Skills in writing resumes Interview behavior |
| What does job placement assistance include? | o Job seeking skills training o Direct placement o Job development o Supported employment o Demand-side job placement. |
| What deficits does job seeking training address? | o Lack of awareness of techniques needed to secure job leads o Difficulty explaining employment significance of educational background, job skills, job history o Inability discussing disability-related issues and accommodation needs appropriately in int |
| What is the Job Club approach? | Seeks to enhance motivation by using techniques such as a buddy system, family support, role models, and ample practices in completing job application, writing resumes, and performing job interviews. |
| What is Direct placement intervention? | Precise matching of the person’s abilities with the work environment and the requirements of the job that requires aggressive marketing of the benefits of hiring PWD to employers and the ability to supply employers with qualified candidates. |
| What is supported employment? | o Wide-ranging selective placement approach o Highlights job preparation for individuals with severe disabilities in competitive employment settings o Continued follow up of services during course of employment |
| What is the main focus of supported employment? | o Main focus with on job-site training, advocacy, long-term job retention, and follow up services makes this model different from other job placement approaches. |
| Why is supported employment helpful? | o Helpful for those who do not have the needed work and social skills necessary for job success |
| What is the o Train-Place-Train-Follow Up (TPTF) Model of Supported Employment? | Surveying to establish significant vocational and social survival skills that require training Training individuals with the purpose of performing such skills Placing trainee clients in employment settings Supplying long term follow up training. |
| How long are individuals placed in training programs in the o Train-Place-Train-Follow Up (TPTF) Model? | No more than 6 months |
| What is the o Place-Train-Follow UP (PTF) Model of Supported Employment? | Job placement Jobsite training Ongoing assessment Job retention |
| Does TPTF or PTF emphasize job training before placing the client? | TPTF |
| Does TPTF or PTF center on placing the client at a specific job setting where she or he can attain on-the-job training and can expect long-term employment? | PTF |
| What is the goal of client centered placement? | Goal of helping clients to become self-directed and Does not impair dignity, independence, and self confidence |
| In the Client Centered Placement model, how is the client most essential? | o Empowerment model that encourages client to take charge of their own lives o Client is responsible for acting as his or her own agent in making contacts with employers and setting up job interviews. |
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