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mitosis and meiosis
cell division
Question | Answer |
---|---|
DNA is wound around | a nucleosome which is made of 8 histone proteins |
during interphase chromosomes are called | chromatin |
somatic cells | are ordinary diploid cells |
to stain chromosomes use | acridine orange |
all an individuals chromosomes is called | a karyogram |
number of autosomes in humans | 22 pairs in each diploid cell |
in humans meiosis produces | 23 chromosomes |
in humans mitosis produces | 46 chromosomes |
functions of mitosis are | reproduction, growth and tissue repair |
prokaryotic mitosis is called | Binary fission |
if cytokinesis does not occur | a coenocyte forms |
Gastrulation | a process in which an embryo develops into a cup shaped structure with a cavity( occurs in fruit fly larvae) |
Gametogenesis | formation of gametes |
metamorphosis | adult emerges from pupa |
the stages of interphase are | G1,G0,S and G2 |
during the G1 stage of interphase | organelles are doubled |
the G0 stage of interphase | refers to permanently resting cells such as nerve or muscle |
during the S stage of interphase | the genome of the cell is replicated |
during the G2 stage of interphase | proteins needed in cell division are made |
Centrosomes | contain a centriole pair |
kinetochore protein | attaches to chromatids so as they can move easily |
at the end of telophase | a clevage furrow forms |
during prophase 1 of meiosis | crossing over occurs at chiasmata |
crossing over leads to | variation |
in metaphase 1 of meiosis | homologous chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell |
in metaphase 2 of meiosis | sister chromatids line up on the equator of the cell( same as mitosis) |