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EC121 Terms - Unit 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
supply | the relationship between price and the quantity supplied of a certain good or service |
demand | the relationship between price and the quantity demanded of a certain good or service |
Ceteris Paribus | other things being equal |
complements | goods that are often used together so that consumption of one good tends to enhance consumption of the other |
substitutes | a good that can replace another to some extent, so that greater consumption of one good can mean less of the other |
price floor | a legal minimum price |
price ceiling | a legal maximum price |
surplus | at the existing price, quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded; also called excess supply |
shortage | at the existing price, the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied; also called excess demand |
equilibrium | the situation where quantity demanded is equal to the quantity supplied; the combination of price and quantity where there is no economic pressure from surpluses or shortages that would cause price or quantity to change |
deadweight loss | the loss in social surplus that occurs when a market produces an inefficient quantity |