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Economics
Chapter 18
need | requirements for survival, such as food, clothing, and shelter |
want | a thing we would like to have, such as entertainment, vacations, or an item that makes life confortable and enjoyable |
economics | the study of how individuals and nations make choices about ways to use scarce resources to fulfill their needs and wants |
microeconomics | the economic behavior an decision-making by individuals and small businesses |
macroeconomics | economic behavior and decisions making by the government or whole industries or societies |
economic model | simplified representation of the real world that economists develop to describe how the economy behaves and is expected to perform in the fiture |
economic system | nation's way of producing things its people want and need |
resource | the money, people, and materials available to accomplish a community's goal |
scarcity | not having enough resources to produce all of the things we would like to have |
trade-off | the alternative you face if you decide to do one thing rather than another |
opportunity cost | the cost of the next best alternative use of time and money when choosing to do one thing rather than another |
marginal cost | the additional or extra opportunity cost associated with an action |
marginal benifit | the additional or extra benefit associated with an action |
cost-benefit analysis | economic model that compares the marginal costs and marginal benefits of a decision |