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med term 120 final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abdominocentesis | Surgical puncture of the abdomen by a needle to withdraw fluid; abdominal paracentesis. Also called celiocentesis , |
| Acetylcholine | (Neurotransmitter) -A chemical in the body that carries electrical messages between the nerves and muscles; a neurotransmitter. |
| Acromegaly | (Enlargement of extremities post puberty pituitary problem.) a chronic disease characterized by enlargement of the head, hands and feet, causing gigantism. It is caused by over-secretion of growth hormones from the anterior PITUITARY GLAND. |
| Adenohypophysis | The anterior pituitary gland; it consists of the distal, intermediate, and infundibular parts. |
| Amnion | A thin membrane that surrounds the fetus during pregnancy. The amnion is the inner of the two fetal membranes (the chorion is the outer one), and it contains the amniotic fluid. |
| Antibody | Specialized cells of the immune system which can recognize organisms that invade the body (such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi). The antibodies are then able to set off a complex chain of events designed to kill these foreign invaders. |
| Astrocytes | a neuroglial cell of ectodermal origin, characterized by fibrous or protoplasmic processes; collectively called astroglia or macroglia. |
| Atelectasis | a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung — develops when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated. |
| Azotemia | medical condition characterized by abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds (such as urea, creatinine, various body waste compounds, and other nitrogen-rich compounds) in the blood. (Uremia) |
| B Cells | any of the lymphocytes that have antigen-binding antibody molecules on the surface, that comprise the antibody-secreting plasma cells when mature, and that in mammals differentiate in the bone marrow—called also B lymphocyte; compare t cell. |
| Bronchoscopy | a usually flexible endoscope for inspecting and passing instruments into the bronchi (as to obtain tissue for biopsy) (endoscopic examination) |
| Carcin/o | Cancer;Cancerous |
| -cele | Hernia |
| Celiac | (Pertaining to stomachThe most accurate test for celiac disease is a biopsy of the small bowel usually performed by an endoscopy (tube passed into the intestine through the mouth). Treatment is to avoid gluten in the diet. - |
| -centesis | Surgical Puncture to remove fluid. |
| Cerebral | Pertaining to the cerebrum |
| Cervicitis | an inflammation of the cervix, the lower, narrow end of your uterus that opens into the vagina. .. |
| Chalazion | A cyst of the little glands in the eyelids that make a lubricant which they discharge through tiny openings in the edges of the lids. ... |
| Coagulation | The process by which the blood clots to form solid masses, or clots. |
| Colostomy | refers to a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. |
| Corpus luteum | a yellowish mass of progesterone-secreting endocrine tissue that forms immediately after ovulation from the ruptured graafian follicle in the mammalian ovary. |
| Creatinine | a chemical waste product that's produced by your muscle metabolism and to a smaller extent by eating meat. |
| Crohn Disease | Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. |
| Croup | inflammation, edema, and subsequent obstruction of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi especially of infants and young children that is typically caused by a parainfluenza virus and is marked by episodes of difficult breathing and low-pitched cough resemblin |
| Cushing syndrome | is an extremely complex hormonal condition that involves many areas of the body. ... A benign or malignant growth within the adrenal gland itself, which produces cortisol. |
| Cystocele | Hernia of urinary (bladder)-a medical condition that occurs when the tough fibrous wall between a woman's bladder and her vagina (the pubocervical fascia) is torn by childbirth, allowing the bladder to herniate into the vagina. |
| Dehydration | Lack of water. -excessive loss of water from body tissues. |
| Dendrite | (Part of nerve cell that first receives the nervous impulse) - any of the usually branching protoplasmic processes that conduct impulses toward the body of a nerve cell. |
| Dia- | complete; through |
| Dialysis | The process of removing waste products and excess fluid from the body. Dialysis is necessary when the kidneys are not able to adequately filter the blood. Dialysis allows patients with kidney failure a chance to live productive lives. There are two types |
| Cerebral | Pertaining to the cerebrum |
| Cervicitis | an inflammation of the cervix, the lower, narrow end of your uterus that opens into the vagina. .. |
| Chalazion | A cyst of the little glands in the eyelids that make a lubricant which they discharge through tiny openings in the edges of the lids. ... |
| Coagulation | The process by which the blood clots to form solid masses, or clots. |
| Colostomy | refers to a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. |
| Corpus luteum | a yellowish mass of progesterone-secreting endocrine tissue that forms immediately after ovulation from the ruptured graafian follicle in the mammalian ovary. |
| Creatinine | a chemical waste product that's produced by your muscle metabolism and to a smaller extent by eating meat. |
| Crohn Disease | Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. |
| Croup | inflammation, edema, and subsequent obstruction of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi especially of infants and young children that is typically caused by a parainfluenza virus and is marked by episodes of difficult breathing and low-pitched cough resemblin |
| Cushing syndrome | is an extremely complex hormonal condition that involves many areas of the body. ... A benign or malignant growth within the adrenal gland itself, which produces cortisol. |
| Cystocele | Hernia of urinary (bladder)-a medical condition that occurs when the tough fibrous wall between a woman's bladder and her vagina (the pubocervical fascia) is torn by childbirth, allowing the bladder to herniate into the vagina. |
| Dehydration | Lack of water. -excessive loss of water from body tissues. |
| Dendrite | (Part of nerve cell that first receives the nervous impulse) - any of the usually branching protoplasmic processes that conduct impulses toward the body of a nerve cell. |
| Dia- | complete; through |
| Dialysis | The process of removing waste products and excess fluid from the body. Dialysis is necessary when the kidneys are not able to adequately filter the blood. Dialysis allows patients with kidney failure a chance to live productive lives. There are two types |
| Diarrhea | an increased frequency or decreased consistency of bowel movements; |
| Diastole | Relaxation phase of the heart. |
| Dyslexia | a learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words. |
| Dyspepsia | Digestion difficulties |
| Dyspnea | Difficulty in breathing |
| Episiotomy | Incision of the perineum during childbirth. |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation | is a blood test that can reveal inflammatory activity in your body. A sed rate test isn't a stand-alone diagnostic tool, but it can help your doctor diagnose or monitor the progress of an inflammatory disease. |
| Estrogen | A female steroid hormone that is produced by the ovaries and, in lesser amounts, by the adrenal cortex, placenta, and male testes. ... |
| Eustachian Tube | a bony and cartilaginous tube connecting the middle ear with the nasopharynx and equalizing air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane— |
| Fibrinogen | a plasma protein that is produced in the liver and is converted into fibrin during blood clot formation. |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone | Hormone produced by an endocrine gland located below the brain. |
| Gas/tre/ctomy | surgical removal of all or part of the stomach. |
| Glial cells | (Astocytes) - A supportive cell in the central nervous system |
| Glioblastoma | A highly malignant brain tumor. is the most aggressive cancer that begins within the brain. |
| Gynecology | the study of diseases of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts |
| Gyri- | elevated portions of the cerebral cortex. |
| HIV | Virus that causes Aids |
| Hyperglycemia | An elevated level specifically of the sugar glucose in the blood. Hyperglycemia is often found in diabetes mellitus. |
| Hypertrophy | (Excessive development) - A nontumorous enlargement of an organ or a tissue as a result of an increase in the size rather than the number of constituent cells: muscle |
| Hypophysectomy | is the surgical removal of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). It is most commonly performed to treat tumors, especially craniopharyngioma tumors. Sometimes it is used to treat Cushing's syndrome due to pituitary adenoma. |
| Hypoxemia | is an abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood |
| Intercostal | Pertaining to in between the ribs. |
| Karyotype | . The chromosome characteristics of an individual cell or of a cell line arranged in descending order of size and according to the position of the centromere. Usually presented as a systematized array of metaphase chromosomes from a photomicrograph of a s |
| Kyphosis | is an exaggerated curvature of the upper (thoracic) spine that creates a hunchback appearance. It can result from developmental problems, degenerative diseases (such as arthritis |
| Laryngectomy | A surgical procedure in which the whole voice box is removed, and the stoma opening into the larynx is permanent. |
| Laryngoscopy | refers to a procedure used to view the inside of the larynx (the voice box). |
| Larynx | A tube-shaped organ in the neck that contains the vocal cords. (voice box) |
| Lateral | ( next to heart) - In anatomy, the side of the body or a body part that is farther from the middle or center of the body. |
| Leukoplakia | (Lesion) - a condition commonly considered precancerous in which thickened white patches of epithelium occur on the mucous membranes especially of the mouth, vulva, and renal pelvis. |
| Leukorrhea | a white, yellowish, or greenish white viscid discharge from the vagina resulting from inflammation or congestion of the uterine or vaginal mucous membrane. |
| -logy | study (process of) |
| meatus | an opening or passage, especially one leading to the body surface, acoustic meatus (meatus acus´ticus) either of two passages in the ear |
| Menarche | Beginning of menstrual period |
| -oid | resembling; originating from |
| oliguria | (scanty urination) -is defined as a urine output that is less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants, less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children, and less than 400 mL or 500 mL per 24h in adults - this equals 17 or 21 mL/hour. |
| Ostiomalacia | disease of adults that is characterized by softening of the bones and is analogous to rickets in the young. |
| Parotid Gland | any of various glands that discharge a fluid secretion and especially saliva into the mouth cavity and that in humans comprise large compound racemose glands including the parotid glands, the sublingual glands, and |
| -pathy | Disease; emotion |
| peristalsis | successive waves of involuntary contraction passing along the walls of a hollow muscular structure (as the esophagus or intestine) and forcing the contents onwardâcompare segmentation 2. |
| pernicious anemia | Low red blood cell count caused by inadequate vitamin B12. Abbreviated PA. Patients with PA do not produce intrinsic factor (IF), a substance that allows the body to absorb vitamin B12 from foods. ... Also known as Addison's anemia. |
| Pharnyx | The hollow tube that is about 5 inches long and starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus. The pharynx serves as a vestibule or entryway for the trachea and esophagus |
| phren/o | Diaphragm; mind |
| phrenodynia | Pain in the diaphragm. |
| Pinna | the projecting part of the ear lying outside the head; called also pinna. Auricle. 2. the ear-shaped appendage of either atrium of the heart; formerly used to designate the entire atrium. |
| poikilocytosis | refers to the presence of poikilocytes in the blood. Poikilocytes are abnormally shaped red blood cells as seen on a blood film in humans. |
| poly- | Many, much, increased |
| posterior | to the back side of things. |
| presbycusis | Age-related hearing loss with gradually progressive inability to hear, especially high frequency sounds. ... The hearing loss can usually be corrected with a hearing aid. |
| progesterone | : a female steroid sex hormone C21H30O2 that is secreted by the corpus luteum to prepare the endometrium for implantation and later by the placenta during pregnancy to prevent rejection of the developing embryo or fetus; also |
| psoriasis | a chronic, non-contagious disease characterized by inflamed lesions covered with silvery-white scabs of dead skin. |
| psychology | The study of the mind and mental processes, especially in relation to behavior. ... Clinical psychology is concerned with diagnosing and treating disorders of the brain, emotional disturbances, and behavior problems. |
| pyloric stenosis | Narrowing (stenosis) of the outlet of the stomach so that food cannot pass easily from it into the duodenum. Pyloric stenosis results in feeding problems and projectile vomiting in infants. |
| ren/o | Kidney |
| retroperitoneal | the space between the peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall that contains especially the kidneys and associated structures, the pancreas, and part of the aorta and inferior vena cava. |
| -scope | Instrument for visual examination. |
| semen | fluid discharged at ejaculation in the male, consisting of spermatozoa in their nutrient plasma, secretions from the prostate, seminal vesicles, and various other glands, epithelial cells, and minor constituents. |
| Serum Enzymes | Anti - lymphocyte, antirabies, blood grouping, A, B, RH, ABO, Glutamine oraloaectic, Immune, Pooled, Serum sickness, Sickness Syndrome. |
| Sialadenolithiasis | Presence of stone in a salivary gland |
| Subungual | (Pertaining under nail) - situated or occurring under a fingernail or toenail a subungual abscess. |
| Supination | rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward or upward; also : a corresponding movement of the foot and leg in which the foot rolls outward with an elevated arch. |
| symphysis | (Bones that grow together)- Form of cartilaginous joint in which union between two bones is effected by means of fibrocartilage. |
| T cell lymphocytes | type of white blood cell that is of key importance to the immune system and is at the core of adaptive immunity, the system that tailors the body's immune response to specific pathogens. ... T cell are also known as T lymphocytes. The "T" stands for "thym |
| Thymus Gland | a ductless, butterfly-shaped gland lying at the base of the neck, formed mostly of lymphatic tissue and aiding in the production of T cells of the immune system: after puberty, the lymphatic tissue gradually degenerates. |
| tinnitus | : a sensation of noise (as a ringing or roaring) that is caused by a bodily condition (as a disturbance of the auditory nerve or wax in the ear) and typically is of the subjective form which can only be heard by the one affected. |
| Tonsillitis | : inflammation of the tonsils and especially the palatine tonsils typically due to viral or bacterial infection and marked by red enlarged tonsils usually with sore throat, fever, difficult swallowing, hoarseness or loss of voice, and tender or swollen l |
| Viscer/o | Urinary Bladder |
| Viscera | (Internal organs) |
| WBC differential | The white blood cell count and differential determine the number of white blood cells and the percentage of each type of white blood cell in a person's blood. These tests are included in general health examinations and help investigate a variety of illnes |
| Wilms tumor | a malignant tumor of the kidney that primarily affects children and is made up of embryonic elementsâcalled also nephroblastoma. |
| Xer/o | Dry |
Created by:
Brianna1997
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