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AS Biopsychology

Biopsychology Nervous System

TermDefinition
The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of... The Brain and Spinal Cord (don' say spine)
2 main functions of the CNS Control of behaviour and regulation of body's physiological processes such as breathing
Main function of the Spinal Cord Relay information between the brain and the rest of the so that brain can monitor and regulate body processes such as digestion.
The two systems that the human nervous system is divided into CNS (Central Nervous System) and PERIPHERAL nervous system
The two systems that make up the peripheral nervous system SOMATIC and AUTONOMIC nervous system
The two systems that the AUTONOMIC nervous system is divided into SYMPATHETIC and PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system
(CNS) The brain can be divided into 4 main areas CEREBRUM, CEREBELLUM, BRAIN STEM and DIENCEPHALON
(CNS) The largest part of the human brain CEREBRUM
(CNS) The cerebrum is divided into 4 different..... LOBES. Each lobe has a different function.
(CNS) Structure of the Cerebrum Split down the middle into 2 halves which are called (Cerebral) Hemispheres. They are connected by the Corpus Callosum.
(CNS) Function of the Frontal Lobe THOUGHT and producing SPEECH
(CNS) Function of the Cerebellum Controlling motor skills and balance- co-ordinate precise movements
(CNS) 2 important structures found in the Diencephalon The Thalamus and the Hypothalamus
(CNS) Main function of the Thalamus Routes nerve impulses coming in from the senses to the correct part of the brain for processing
(CNS) Main function of the Hypothalamus Regulates body temperature, hunger and thirst. Links the Endocrine system and the Nervous System by controlling release of hormones form the PITUITARY Gland.
(CNS) Main function of the Brain Stem Regulates automatic and vital life processes such as heartbeat, swallowing and breathing. Motor and Sensory neurones travel through the brain stem allowing impulses to pass between BRAIN and SPINAL CORD.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) The part of the nervous system that is outside of the brain and spinal cord
The two main divisions of the PNS Somatic and Autonomic nervous system
Somatic Nervous system - function Carries sensory and motor impulses/ information to and from the CNS via sensory and motor neurones
Which way do sensory neurons relay messages? From the senses TO The CNS
Which way do motor neurons relay messages? FROM the CNS TO the effectors (muscles and glands)
What are VOLUNTARY actions? Actions we are consciously aware of doing e.g. crossing a road
Function of the ANS Regulates INVOLUNTARY activities such as heartbeat , digestion and stress response. Sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the ANS regulate the same organs but have opposite effects.
Neurotransmitter (and functions) associated with the SYMPATHETIC part of the ANS. NORADRENALINE-STIMULATING effects.
Neurotransmitter (and functions) associated with the PARASYMPATHETIC part of the ANS. ACETYLCHOLINE - inhibiting effects
The type of responses the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is involved in. Responses that help us deal with emergencies (fight or flight). For example increasing heart rate and blood pressure to help prepare us for rapid action needed when under threat.
Effects of SNS activation on the body Increase pupil size, more light in eye-better vision. Increase heart rate, greater blood flow to skeletal muscles.Glycogen in liver converted to glucose for energy. Adrenal medulla stimulated to release adrenaline. Bronchial tubes dilate -more O2 intake
Effects of Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) Relaxes body after an emergency has passed. Slows heart rate and reduces blood pressure. PNS begins again (inhibited under SNS arousal). Energy is conserved. (REST and DIGEST).
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