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STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
This reviews the vocab found in the 2nd half of the Structure & Function Unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protein | a molecule made of amino acids that does "work" for your cells |
| receptor molecule | a molecule that receives a message (hormone or neurotransmitter) based on matching chemical shape |
| enzymes (biological catalyst) | a type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions (digestion and synthesis). |
| hormone | a protein made by a gland that travels through the blood to send a message when it matches a cell's receptor |
| tissue | a group of "like" cells working together |
| organ | a group of "like" tissues working together (ex. heart, lungs, kidneys) |
| organ system | a group of "like" organs working together to accomplish a life process for an organism |
| organism | a collection of organ systems that work together to complete the life processes of an organism. |
| homeostasis | the balanced state that organisms need for health and survival |
| metabolism | how quickly an organism does all of its life processes. |
| feedback mechanism | a constant loop where one "thing" turns on or off another to maintain an overall balance in an organism (ex. the insulin/glucagon loop that maintains blood sugar levels) |
| stimuli | something that requires a response |
| immunity | when an organism can no longer be harmed by a pathogen |
| pathogen | an organism that harms another organism (bacteria, virus, fungus and parasite) |
| antigen | anything that causes an immune response because the body thinks it will cause harm (allergy, transplanted organ, etc.) |
| antibody | a white blood cell that disables an antigen so that it can no longer hurt the organism |
| white blood cell | cells that fight the foreign invaders (pathogens/antigens) |
| vaccine | a dead or weakened form of a virus that is injected to create an immune response and ultimately create memory cells that make an organism immune. |
| allergy | an antigen that enters the body and needlessly creates an immune response and unwanted swelling and symptoms |
| HIV/AIDS | a virus that enters the body, attacks and ultimately disables the immune system so that it can no longer fight foreign invaders. |
| Organ rejection | When your immune system fights and tries to destroy a transplanted organ because it recognizes it as a foreign invader. |
Created by:
mbiata@rhnet.org
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