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Chap 8 Terms

Diagnostic, Symptomatic, and Related Terms

QuestionAnswer
aneurysm Localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery
arrest Condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop
cardiac Loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation
circulatory Cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation
arrhythmia Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or “skipping” a beat; also called dysrhythmia
bruit Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; also called murmur
cardiomyopathy Any disease or weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
catheter Thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure
coarctation Narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) thromb: blood clot Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs
ejection fraction (EF) Calculation of how much blood a ventricle can eject with one contraction
heart failure (HF) Failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs
embolus embol: embolus (plug) Mass of undissolved matter (foreign object, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel
fibrillation Quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions
hemostasis Arrest of bleeding or circulation
hyperlipidemia lipid: fat Excessive amounts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the blood
hypertension (HTN -tension: to stretch Common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic
primary HTN in which there is no identifiable cause; also called essential hypertension
secondary HTN that results from an underlying, identifiable, commonly correctable cause
hypertensive heart disease Any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure
implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD) Implantable battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart
infarct Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply
ischemia Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction
mitral valve prolapse (MVP) Common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation
radioisotope Chemical radioactive material used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or a structure
palpitation Sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including “thumping,” “fluttering,” “skipped beats,” or a pounding feeling in the chest
patent ductus arteriosus Failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary (lung) artery
perfusion Circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ
tetralogy of Fallot Congenital anomaly consis. of 4 elements: 1 pulmonary artery stenosis; 2 interventricular septal defect; 3 transposition of the aorta, so both ventricles empty into the aorta; 4 right ventricular
stent Slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or obstructed arteries
thrombus Blood clot that obstructs a vessel
Created by: Esuvill0
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