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Chapter 12

History of Life on Earth

TermDefinition
evolution change over time
radiometric dating estimation of the age of an object by using certain chemicals (half life)
4.5 billion years ago How old is Earth?
prokaryote simple cell, single cell (unicellular), no nucleus
eukaryote complex cell, single or multicellular, has a nucleus
cyanobacteria through photosynthesis, they added oxygen into the water and air, making the atmosphere right for land organisms
6 Kingdoms 1 eubacteria (common bacteria) 2 archaebacteria (extreme bacteria) 3 protists 4 fungi 5 plants 6 animals
multicellular 2 or more cells, allowed for specialization of cells (each cell has its own job)
extinction death of all members of a species
ozone layer protects Earth from the harmful UV rays of the sun, allowed life to move onto land
Eras of life on Earth (Precambrium time), Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Cenozoic Era
fossil the remains of a living organism, can be dated by radiometric dating
mutualism relationship between 2 species in which both species benefit (mycorrhizae is an example)
mycorrhizae a relationship between fungi and plants, plants receive minerals from the fungi and fungi receive food from the plants
arthropods 1st species on land, they have an exoskeleton (outer), they are invertebrates (no backbone), they include lobsters, crabs, insects and spiders
vertebrates they have a backbone (endoskeleton)
amphibians they can live in water and land, eggs are laid in water, they include frogs, toads and salamanders
reptiles live on land, 1st to lay eggs on land, they include snakes, lizards, turtles and crocodiles
mammals they have hair, feed their young with milk, live birth (humans)
continental drift movement of land masses over Earth's surface (Pangea)
Created by: jyoung271
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