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(M) ASCP
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| TP/TP+FN = ? | The equation is the formula for calculating sensitivity. Sensitivity = Number of True Positives/(Number of True Positives + Number of False Negatives). It is important that you differentiate sensitivity from specificity. Specificity = Number of True Negat |
| This spiral-form organism is seen in urine and cultured on Fletcherâs media | There isnât much to remember about Leptospira for this exam so just try to remember that Fletcherâs media is used to culture it. |
| Organism that gives off a bleach-like odor in culture? | A key identifying characteristic for Eikenella corrodens is the production of a bleach-like odor. It is a gram negative bacteria that also causes pitting on agar plates. |
| Presence of rheumatoid factor in blood may result in false positives for what test? | The presence of rheumatoid factor in the blood may result in false positive results with the VDRL test. The VDRL test is a nonspecific serological screening test for syphilis â a variety of factors may cause it to give you a false positive result. These |
| Mucoid, pink colonies on plate; produces gas; indole (+). On TSI tube you see yellow on the slant and yellow in the deep. What organism is this? | Since a yellow color is produced on the slant aspect of the TSI tube, the organism can ferment lactose or sucrose. Keeping in mind that this is a lactose fermenter, take a look at the Enterobacteriaceae chart (in the micro section) and immediately rule ou |
| PAD (+); indole (+); Organism stains gram negative. What is it? | Follow the chart for gram negative bacilli. What organism is PAD + and Indole +? That would be Proteus vulgaris. For practical purposes (and by extension for the exam), itâs important to know that P. vulgaris is Indole positive and P. mirabilis is Indol |
| You see a curved gram negative bacilli. It was cultured from the GI tract of a person with ulcers. What test would you do next to confirm its identity? | you only know a few things about helicobacter pylori, you should know this: It is curved, can infect the GI tract, and the urease it produces may cause ulcers. |
| HIV-1 & HIV-2 combination ELISA test is positive in a patient with symptoms of immune deficiency. Western blot was inconclusive for HIV-1. What do you do next? | You are PRETTY SURE that the person has EITHER HIV-1 or HIV-2 b/c the combo ELISA test tells you so. This test is a cheap, catch-all test so itâs run first. However, this test can give you false positives and you donât want to go around telling someon |
| What are the steps of PCR? | PCR is an artificial process generating multiple copies of a particular DNA sequence. The first step involves denaturation of the bonds between the two complementary strands so they separate (unzip) from each other; Next, short DNA primers attach (anneal) |
| A person was successfully treated for syphilis 12 years ago. However, he has just come in again, worried about having been re-infected. What would you look for in his blood? | To determine if this patient has been re-infected you would have to perform a VDRL test. Answer choice A is incorrect because a TPA test may remain active for the life of the patient so it is not useful in determining reinfection or treatment. |
| Common cause of food poisoning (via enterotoxin) and Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome | Staphylococcus aureus |
| CAT(+), cOAG. (+), latex agglutination (+) Clumping factor, Pyrrolidonyl-a-napthylamide (PYR) (-), Ornithine (-) | Staphylococcus aureus |
| Ferments mannitol and produces yellow colonies on Mannitol salt agar (MSA) | Staphylococcus aureus |
| Do most CoNeg staff ferment mannitol? | No, most CoNeg staph. DO NOT ferment mannitol and produce red colonies on MSA |
| what antibiotics are S.aureus resistant to? | Penicillin (R)- beta-lactamase production and Methicillin (R) S.aureus (MRSA) is also beta-lactam (R) |
| What are the rare strains of S.aureus | Vancomycin - intermediate S. aureus (VISA) Vancomycin - resistant S. aureus (VRSA) These are both due to VanA altering the target |
| CoNeg Staph is mostly non-pathogenic, except in... | Immunocompromised or neutropenic patients |
| CoNeg Staph is usually associated with... | UTI and associated with infections of catheters and shunts |
| what are the characteristics of CoNeg Staph | GPC in clusters, colonies are white-gray on blood agar and non hemolytic. CAT(+), Coagulase (-) |
| Which Commonly encountered CoNeg Staph is Novobiocin susceptible? | Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| Which Commonly encountered CoNeg Staph is Novobiocin resistant? | Staphylococcus saprohyticus |
| this CoNeg staff is a frequent cause of endocarditis, ferments mannitol, PYR (+), Slide coagulase (+) clumping factor | Staphylococcus lugdunensis |
| Describe the characteristics of Micrococcus app. |
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Ysalas
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