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Module 24

Storage: Retaining Information in the Brain

QuestionAnswer
How large is the capacity of long-term memory? unlimited
How large is the capacity of short-term memory? approximately 7 bits of information
What psychologist cut pieces of rats' brains out to see if they remembered a maze? Karl Lashley
Many brain regions send input to your _______ lobes for working memory processing. frontal
In what part of the brain do amnesia patients typically suffer damage? hippocampus
Why is the hippocampus important? the processing and storage of explicit memories
Kandel and Schwartz have found that when learning occurs, more of the neurotransmitter ______ is released into synapses. serotonin
Studies demonstrate that learning causes permanent neural changes in the _____ of animals' neurons. synapses
The basal ganglia of the brain play a critical role in the formation of what? hypothalamus
Which area of the brain is most important in the processing of implicit memories? cerebellum
Lashley's studies, in which rats learned a maze and then had various parts of the brains surgically removed, showed that the memory __________. remained no matter which area of the brain was tampered with
What is long-term potentiation? the increased efficiency of synaptic transmission between certain neurons following learning
What are explicit memories? memories of facts, including names, images, and events
What is another name for explicit memories? declarative memories
Where is the hippocampus located? it is a neural center in the temporal lobe and is part of the limbic system
What are implicit memories? procedural memories for automatic skills and classically conditioned associations among stimuli
What is a flashbulb memory? an unusually vivid memory of an emotionally important moment of event
What is believed to be the neural basis for learning and memory? long-term potentiation
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