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Module 43
Social Thinking
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The tendency for a person to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on another's behavior is called what? | the fundamental attribution error |
| The tendency for initial compliance with a small request to facilitate subsequent compliance with a larger request is known as the what? | foot-in-the-door phenomenon |
| During a test, John copied answers from a student's paper. He felt bad about having done this until he convinced himself that what he did wasn't wrong if the student wasn't careful enough to cover his answers. Which theory explains John's behavior? | cognitive dissonance theory |
| What is social psychology? | the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another |
| What is attribution theory? | deals with our causal explanations of behavior and how we attribute behavior to another's disposition or to the situation |
| What is the fundamental attribution error? | the tendency to underestimate the impact of situations and to overestimate the impact of personality on the behavior of others |
| What are attitudes? | feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that may predispose us to respond in particular ways to objects, people, and events |
| What is peripheral route persuasion? | occurs when people are influenced by more superficial and incidental cues, such as a speaker's appearance |
| What is central route persuasion? | occurs when people respond favorably to arguments as a result of engaging in systematic thinking about an issue |
| What is the foot-in-the-door phenomenon? | the tendency for people who agree to a small request to comply later with a larger request |
| What is a role? | a set of explanations (norms) about how people in a specific social position ought to behave |
| What is cognitive dissonance theory? | refers to the theory that we act to reduce the psychological discomfort we experience when our behavior conflicts with what we think and feel |
| According to cognitive dissonance theory, dissonance is most likely to occur when what? | an individual does something that is personally disagreeable |
| What phenomenon is best explained by cognitive dissonance theory? | foot-in-the-door phenomenon |
| Two neighboring nations are each stockpiling weapons and sees its neighbor's actions as an act of aggression and its own actions as self-defense. These nations are victims of what? | the fundamental attribution error |
| Which theory describes how we explain others' behavior as being due to internal dispositions or external situations? | attribution theory |
| Psychologists who study how we think about, influence, and relate to one another are called ___________ _____________. | social psychologists |
| Who came up with the cognitive dissonance theory? | Leon Festinger |
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