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Energy and ATP
How organisms obtain energy ... How ATP works
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the law of conservation of energy | energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another |
| During photosynthesis energy is not created from sun... but what energy transformation occurs | energy is converted from light energy to chemical energy in the form of glucose |
| During cellular respiration, what energy transformation occurs | energy is converted from one form of chemical energy ( in chemical bonds of glucose) to another form of chemical energy ( in the chemical bonds of ATP)... this conversion takes place in order to make a form of energy that the cells can use |
| What happens as energy is converted from one form to another | there is always a loss of usable energy. The energy that is "LOST" is generally lost as heat |
| Directly or indirectly nearly all the energy for life comes from | THE SUN |
| What are the organisms that make their own food to use as energy | Autotrophs |
| What are two types of autotrophs/// describe each | chemoautotrophs ( use inorganic substances such as hydrogen sulfide as a source of energy)... photoautotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy... |
| what is a heterotroph | organisms need to ingest food to obtain energy (eat other organisms) |
| review// what is metabolism | all the chemical rections in an organism.. |
| What happens in the metabolic pathway known as cellular respiration | cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that release energy by breaking down larger molecules into smaller molecules ( in cellular respiration.... glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water...releasing energy |
| What happens in the metabolic pathway known as photosynthesis | light energy is converted to chemical energy that is stored for later use by the cell |
| What two metabolic pathways work together and allow energy to continually flow between organisms in an ecosystem | photosynthesis and cellular respiration |
| How does energy stored in the glucose produced by photosynthesis get transferred to other organisms | energy can be transferred to other organisms when the molecules are consumed as food |
| What is true about reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration | the products of one reaction are the reactants for the other reaction... Photosythesis makes glucose and oxygen which are used by cellular respiration to make ATP , carbon dioxide and water( which are again used during photosynthesis ) |
| Which metabolic process STORES ENERGY,,, Which RELEASES ENERGY and together they allow energy to flow continuously in the biosphere | Photosynthesis stores energy.... Cellular Respiration releases energy |
| Describe the basic process of cellular respiration? purpose | Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that breaks down larger molecules to release energy.... Organic molecules ( glucose is a good example) is broken down to release energy for use by cell ( it releases energy to make ATP) |
| What does photosynthesis produce that is USED by aerobic cellular respiration | glucose and oxygen |
| What does cellular respiration produce that is USED by photosynthesis | carbon dioxide and water... ( these are the small waste products of cellular respiration) |
| What does ATP stand for | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| What is chemical energy | energy stored in chemical molecules ( it is energy in the bonds... when the bonds are broken the energy is released) |
| Name four forms of energy... remember that energy can be converted to other forms of energy) | light energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, chemical energy |
| Give an example of an energy conversion in an animal.... what happens when you eat food and run | the chemical energy in food is converted to mechanical energy when muscles contract |
| What molecule provides chemical energy that powers cellular activities in organisms | ATP ( glucose needs to be converted to ATP in order for the cells to have energy) |
| True or False.... ATP is the only molecule that provides energy for cells.... | FALSE... there are other carrier molecules that transport energy BUT ATP is the most abundant energy-carrier molecule in cells and is found in all types of organisms |
| Review: Which biomolecule is ATP related to and explain | ATP is related to nucleic acids... it is a modified nucleotide... most nucleotides have a nitrogen base, a sugar and a phosphate..ATP has a tail of 3 phosphates (adenosine TRIPHOSPHATE) |
| How does ATP release energy | ATP releases energy when the bond between the second and third phosphate groups is broken( break off 3rd phosphate)... this forms adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a free phosphate that joins to other molecules to energize them... |
| What is true about ATP and ADP (it makes a cycle) | ATP and ADP can be interchanged by the addition or removal of a phosphate group ... ATP minus a P makes ADP... (which still has energy)... and ADP plus a P makes ATP (most energy) |
| True or False.... Both ATP and ADP can provide energy for organisms | TRUE... most of the energy reactions in a cell involve ATP and ADP.... there is an AMP but it really doesn't have much energy |
| What happens when ATP loses a phosphate | it releases energy for the cells to use |
| What happens when ADP gains a phosphate | it stores energy and becomes ATP |
Created by:
shemehl
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