Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 10
Nervous System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| motor nerve | Carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent nerve. |
| myelin sheath | Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell. Myelin speeds impulse conduction along axons. |
| neurons (nerve cells) | nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body; parenchyma of the nervous system. |
| parenchyma | Essential in distinguishing tissue of any organ or system. |
| plexus (plural: plexuses) | Large, interlacing network of nerves. |
| synapse | Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or grandular cells. *Greek from synapsis-a point of contact. |
| acetylcholine | Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells. |
| astrocyte | Type of glial (neuroglial) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries. (star-like) |
| cauda equina | Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord. (Latin for "Horse tail") |
| cerebellum | Posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance. * located at the base of the skull. |
| cerebrum | Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory. *known as the "THINKING AREA" |
| dendrite | Microscopic branching fiber of nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse |
| ganglion (plural: ganglia) | Collection of nerves cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. |
| gyrus (plural: gyri) | Sheet of nerve cells that produce a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex; convolution. |
| hypothalamus | Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland. |
| medulla oblongata | Part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing heart beat, and the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here. L to R, R to L. *Located in the brainstem |
| cerebell/o | cerebellum |
| cerebr/o | cerebrum |
| gli/o | glial cells *glioblastoma-highly malignant tumor. |
| my/o | muscle |
| -plegia | -paralysis (loss or impairment of the ability to move parts of the body). |
| -paresis | weakness |
| lex/o | word, phrase *dyslexia-This is a developmental reading disorder occurring when the brain does not properly recognize, process, & interpret language. |
| -lepsy | seizure. *narcolepsy- sudden uncontrollable compulsion to sleep. |
| esthesi/o, -esthesia | feeling, nervous sensation. *anesthesia- lack of normal sensation two types (spinal & epidural) |
| -praxia | action. *movement & behavior are not purposeful |
| -phasia | speech |
| syncop/o | to cut off, cut short. *syncopal- pertaining to fainting |
| cerebral concussion | Type of brain injury caused by a blow to the head. Usually no evidence of structural damage to the brain tissue, and loss of consciousness may not occur. |
| spina bifida | congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts. (neutral tube defect) *three forms |
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; STROKE (thrombotic,embolic, hemorrhagic) |
| cerebral contusion | Bruising of brain tissue resulting from direct trauma to the head. *associated w/fracture of skull, as well as edema and an increase in intracranial pressure. |
| embolic | an embolus (dislodged thrombus) travels to cerebral arteries and occludes a small vessel. This occurs very suddenly. |
| thrombotic | Blood clot (thrombus) in the arteries leading to the brain, resulting in occlusion (blocking) of the vessel. *Short episodes of neurological dysfunction are known as TRANSIENT ESCHEMIC ATTACKS (TIA's) |
| dementia | mental decline and deterioration |
| hemorrhagic | a blood vessel, such as the cerebral artery, breaks and bleeding occurs. *Aneurysm- weakened area in the vessel wall that balloons and may eventually burst. |
| palliative | relieving symptoms but not curing them. |
| gait | manner of walking |
| aura | peculiar symptoms or sensation occurring before the onset (prodromal) of an attack of a migraine or an epileptic seizure. |
| caus/o | burning. *causalgia-Intense burning following injury to a sensory nerve. |
| thec/o | sheath - (refers to the meninges) |
| radicul/o | nerve root of spinal nerves. *Sciatica is a radiculopathy affecting the sciatic nerve root in the back. |
| myel/o | spinal cord |
| Parkinson Disease | degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement. *caused by a deficiency of dopamine. |
Created by:
jswitzer13
Popular Medical sets