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NCE Manual

Manual for NCE Test Preparation Statistics & Reserach

TermDefinition
Group A collection or set of people or things defined by some characteristic.
Characteristic A distinguishing feature or trait.
Variable A feature that, within a particular context, can have more than one value, that is, the feature can vary.
Continuous variable One that can take an infinite number of values on a scale.
Quantitative variable Permits comparison of people in terms of order (more or less).
Qualitative variable Places people in unordered categories (e.g. gender)
Population A complete collection of set of individuals who each have the distinguishing characteristic defining the group. That is, all the individuals who have the same characteristic.
Parameter A value that in some way summarizes the variable of the population.
Sample A group selected from a population.
Statistic A value that in some way summarizes the variable of the sample.
Score Relative status or amount usually expressed as a number, either on an ordinal scale (lst, 2nd, 3rd) or as a regular number (1, 2, 3).
Nominal Scale of Measurement Naming things or categories Numbers are assigned to individuals within a group to identify them., these numbers have no other function. The only mathematical operation is to count the frequency (number) of cases in each category.
Ordinal Scale of Measurement Order Numbers are assigned to individuals within a group to indicate hierarchical sequences.The number indicates first, second, third. Able to divide the subjects into categories and then put them in order . Each individual has a rank within the group.
Interval Scale of Measurement Constant unit of measure but no absolute “0” point. Numbers are assigned to individuals within a group by applying a constant unit of measure per individual. The researcher, selects a zero point. Can be used to determine the value one individual has vs
Ratio Scale of Measurement Constant unit of measure with absolute “0” point Numbers are assigned to individuals by applying a constant unit of measure. Lowest measure "0" shows an absence of the variable. +, -, x, and / and determine proportions or ratio differences.
Nominal Scale of Measurement Examples Numbers on a basketball player’s jersey, gender, religion, political affiliation, place of birth, eye color, DSM diagnosis.
Ordinal Scale of Measurement Examples Likert Scale is a commonly used example of an ordinal scale. Example: high/moderate/low, win/place/show, what detergent is most often used?
Interval Scale of Measurement Examples Determine the daily temperature over ten days in degrees Celsius, determine the daily temperature over ten days in degree Fahrenheit, IQ test scores.
Descriptive Statistics Presentation of data as it exists with no predictions or inferences being drawn from it. Includes tables, graphs, measure of central tendency, and measures of variability.
Inferential Statistics Leaping from the data that exists to what may be predicted from that data, or generalizing from sample data to population data.
Created by: aconducy
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