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Chapter 11
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Alternating current | An electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies. |
American Wire Gage | System for sizing round wires based on their cross-sectional area where smaller numbers represent larger wire. |
Ammeter | Meter that is used to measure current. |
Atom | Microscopic building block of matter, made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. |
Battery | Electrical connection of two or more cells. |
Capacitor | Component that consists of two conductive plates separate by an insulator called a dielectric. |
Cell | Device that generates electricity through chemical action. |
Circuit board | Rigid piece of insulation is used as a platform for circuitry. |
Compact fluorescent lamp | Design to replace a incandescence light buld. |
Conductor | Material with low resistance that easily passes electrons from one atom to another. |
Continuity tester | Tool used to test if there is a complete path between two points. |
Coulomb | Measurement of the amount of electricity. |
Current | Measure of electrons per unit time. |
Diobe | Component that limits current flow to one direction. |
Direct current | Current flow in one direction, where polarity never changes. |
Electrical engineering | Design and construction of electrical and electronic systems, components, and device. |
Electricity | Movement of electrons. |
Electrode | Solid conductor through which electricity enters or leaves a medium. |
Electron | Negatively charged subatomic particle. |
Fluorescent lamp | Energy-efficient lamp that uses long tube coated on the inside with phosphorous and filled with an insert gas. |
Gas discharge lamp | Lamp that creates light when gas inside of a globe is ionized and glows. |
Generator | Device that produces electricity by changing mechanical energy to electrical energy through the use of magnets. |
Hybrid car | Fuel-efficient car that uses an internal combustion engine combined with an electric motor and batteries. |
Incandescent lamp | Device that uses electricity to heat a tungsten filament in a vacuum until it glows and creates light. |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | Broadest professional society for electrical engineers ,with over 375,000 members in more than 160 countries. |
Insulators | Material with a very high resistance that does not allow current flow. |
Integrated circuit | Consists of multiple electronic circuits etched into a thin layer of silicon and enclosed in a protective material like plastic. |
Ion | Electrically charged atom. |
Law of conservation of energy | Law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.It can only be covered from one form to another. |
Light-emitting diode lamp | Extremely efficient lamp that creates light by forward biasing semiconductor material. |
Motor | Device that uses magnetism to change electrical energy to mechanical energy. |
Neutron | Subatomic particle with a neutral charge. |
Ohm | Base unit of measurement of resistance. |
Ohmmeter | Meter that is used to measure resistance. |
Ohm's law | Law that defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. |
Oscilloscope | Electrical test device whose screen can show the exact shape of a wave and, therefore, any possible distortion.It can measure voltage, frequency, pulses, and the timing of multiple signals. |
Parallel circuit | Circuits that have more than one load and multiple paths for current flow. |
Polarity | Positive or negative condition at the power supply terminal. |
Power | Rte at which work is done or energy is transmitted. |
Primary cell | Disposable cell. |
Proton | Subatomic particle with a positive charge. |
Resistance | The opposition to current flow. |
Resistor | Electrical component used to limit current flow and divide voltage. |
Schematic diagram | Basic sketch of circuitry showing schematic symbols for parts and line to present conductors. |
Schematic symbol | Simple symbols used to represents electrical parts. |
Secondary cell | Cell that can be recharged. |
Semiconductor | Material with conductive capabilities between that of conductors and insulators. |
Sensor | Component that creates and electrical signal based on environmental conditions.Can be used to monitor things like temperature and light. |
Series circuit | Circuits with only one path for current to flow from the power source through the circuit and back to the power source. |
Series-parallel combination circuit | Circuits with characteristics of both series and parallel circuits. |
Solar cell | Cell that uses light to produce electricity. |
Solderless breadboard | Platform ideal for experimentation and testing circuits before they are constructed. |
Statics electricity | Excess of charge on the surface of an object. |
Switch | Electrical device used to open and close circuits or redirect current from one circuit to another. |
Transistor | Device used as a solid state switch or amplifier. |
Troubleshoot | To systematically search for the cause of a failure. |
Valence shell | Atom's outer ring of electrons. |
Variable resistor | Resistor whose resistance can be changed, usually by rotating a knob or sliding a switch. |
Volt | Based unit of voltage. |
Voltage | Amount of pressure behind the flow of electrons. |
Voltmeter | Meter that is used to measure voltage. |
Volt-ohm-millammeter | Meter that is used to measure voltage , current, and resistance. |
Watt | Unit of electrical power. |
Watt's law | Law that states the power equals effort multiplied by rate. |
Zener diode | Diode that can conduct in reverse bias and is commonly used in voltage regulation. |