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LTI-Ch. 13/Blood Sys
The Blood System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
ALBUMIN | PROTEIN IN THE BLOOD; MAINTAINS THE PROPER AMOUNT OF WATER IN THE BLOOD |
ANTIBODY | PROTEIN (IMMUNOGLOBULIN)PRODUCED BY LYMPHOCYTES IN RESPONSE TO BACTERIA, VIRUSES, OR OTHER ANTIGENS. THIS IS SPECIFIC TO AN ANTIGEN AND INACTIVATES IT |
ANTIGEN | SUBSTANCE (USUALLY FOREIGN) THAT STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF AN ANTIBODY |
BASOPHIL | GRANULOCYTIC WHITE BLOOD CELL WITH GRANULES THAT STAIN BLUE WHEN EXPOSED TO A BASIC DIE |
BILIRUBIN | ORANGE-YELLOW PIGMENT IN BILE. IT IS FORMED BY THE BREAKDOWN OF HEMOGLOBIN WHEN RED BLOOD CELLS DIE |
COAGULATION | BLOOD CLOTTING |
COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (CSF) | PROTEIN THAT STIMULATES THE GROWTH AND PROLIFERATION OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS (GRANULOCYTES) |
DIFFERENTIATION | CHANGE IN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF A CELL AS IT MATURES; SPECIALIZATION |
ELECTROPHORESIS | METHOD OF SEPERATING SERUM PROTEINS BY ELECTRICAL CHARGE |
EOSINOPHIL | GRANULOCYTIC WHITE BLOOD CELL WITH GRANULES THAT STAIN RED WITH ACIDIC DYE EOSIN; ASSOCIATED WITH ALLERGI REACTIONS |
ERYTHROCYTE | RED BLOOD CELL. THERE ARE ABOUT FIVE MILLION MICROLITER OR CUBIC MILLIMETER OF BLOOD |
ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO) | HORMONE SECRETED BY THE KIDNEYS THAT STIMULATES FORMATION OF RED BLOOD CELLS |
FIBRIN | PROTEIN THREADS THAT FORM THE BASIS OF BLOOD CLOT |
FIBRINOGEN | PLASMA PROTEIN THAT IS COVERTED TO FIBRIN IN THE CLOTTIG PROCESS |
GLOBULINS | PART OF BLOOD CONTAINING DIFFERENT PLASMA PROTEINS. IMMUNOGLOBINS AND ALPHA AND BETA GLOBINS ARE EXAMPLES |
GRANULOCYTE | WHITE BLOOD CELL WITH NUMEROUS DARK-STAINING GRANULES:EOSINOPHIL, NEUTROPHIL, AND BASOPHIL |
HEME | IRON-CONTANING NONPROTEIN PORTION OF THE HEMOGLOBIN MOLECULE |
HEMOGLOBIN | BLOOD PROTEIN CONTAINING IRON; CARRIES OXYGEN IN RED BLOOD CELLS |
HEPARIN | ANTICOAGULANT FOUND IN BLOOD AND TISSUE CELLS |
HEMOLYSIS | DESTRUCTION OR BREAKDOWN OF BLOOD (RED BLOOD CELLS) |
IMMUNE REACTION | RESPONSE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM TO FOREIGN INVASION |
IMMUNOGLOBULIN | PROTEIN (GLOBULIN) WITH ANTIBODY ACTIVITY; EXAMPLES ARE IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD. IMMUN/O MEANS PROTECTION |
LEUKOCYTE | WHITE BLOOD CELL |
LYMPHOCYTE | MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE THAT PRODUCES ANTIBODIES |
MACROPHAGE | MONOCYTE THAT MIGRATES FROM THE BLOOD TO TISSUE SPACES. IT IS A LARGE PHAGOCYTE |
MEGAKARYOCYTE | LARGE PLATELET PRECURSOR CELL FOUND IN BONE MARROW |
MONOCYTE | LARGE MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTIC LEUKOCYTE FORMED IN THE BONE MARROW. THESE BECOME MACROPHAGES AS TEHY LEAVE THE BLOOD AND ENTER BODY TISSUE |
NEUTROPHIL | GRANULOCYTIC LEUKOCYTE FORMED IN BONE MARROW; A PHAGOCYTE WITH NEUTRAL-STAINING GRANULES; ALSO CALLED A POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE, OR "POLY" |
PLASMA | LIQUID PORTION OF BLOOD; CONTAINS WATER, PROTEINS, NUTRIENTS, HORMONES AND VITAMINS |
PLASMAPHERESIS | REMOVAL OF PLASMA FROM WITHDRAWN BLOOD BY CENTRIFUGE. COLLECTED CELLS ARE RETRANSFERED BACK INTO THE DONOR. FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA OR SALT SOLUTION IS USED TO REPLACE WITHDRAWN PLASMA |
PLATELET | SMALLEST BLOOD CELL (THROMBOCYTE); THESE CELLS CLUMP AT SITES OF INJURY TO PREVENT BLEEDING AND FACILITATE CLOTTING |
PROTHROMBIN | PLASMA PROTEIN; CONVERTED TO THROMBIN IN TEH CLOTTING PROCESS |
RETICULOCYTE | IMMATURE ERYTHROCYTE WITH A NETWORK OF STRANDS (RETICULIN) THAT ARE SEEN AFTER STAINING THE CELL WITH SPECIAL DYES |
Rh FACTOR | ANTIGEN ON RED BLOOD CELLS OF Rh-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS. THE FACTOR WAS FIRST IDENTIFIED IN THE BLOOD OF A RHESUS MONKEY |
SERUM | PLASMA MINUS CLOTTING PROTEINS AND CELLS. CLEAR, YELLOWISH FLUID THAT SEPARATES FROM BLOOD WHEN IT IS ALLOWED TO CLOT. IT IS FORMED FROM PLASMA, BUT DOES NOT CONTAIN PROTEIN-COAGULATION FACTORS |
STEM CELL | UNSPECIALIZED CELL THAT GIVES RISE TO MATURE, SPECIALIZED FORMS. A HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL IS THE PROGENITOR FOR ALL DIFFERENT TYPES OF BLOOD CELLS |
THROMBIN | ENZYME THAT CONVERTS FIBRINOGEN DURING COAGULATION |
THROMBOCYTE | PLATELET |