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Medical Terminology
Term | Definition | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ac- | towards | accretion | the process of growth or enlargement |
Acro- | pertaining to an extremety | acromegaly | abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face, caused by overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland |
Ad- | to, toward, near | adduction | is the movement of a body part toward the body's midline |
Af- | to, towards, near | afferent | conducting or conducted inward or toward something (for nerves, the central nervous system; for blood vessels, the organ supplied) |
Ana- | upward, backward, apart, again | anaplastic | term used to describe cancer cells that divide rapidly and have little or no resemblance to normal cells |
Aniso- | unequal, dissimilar | anisocoria | a condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes' pupils |
Ante- | before | antenatal | before birth; during or relating to pregnancy; prenatal |
Anti- | against | antibody | a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen |
Apo- | away from, separate, derived from | apophysis | the normal bony outgrowths that arise from separate ossification centres and eventually fuse with the bone in time |
Auto- | self | autolysis | the destruction of cells or tissues by their own enzymes, especially those released by lysosomes |
Auxi- | increase | auxilytic | Increasing the destructive power of a lysin, or favoring lysis |
Bi- | two, both | bilateral | having two sides; pertaining to both sides |
Bin- | two each, double | binocular | pertaining to both eyes |
Brachy- | short | brachygnathia | abnormal shortness of the mandible |
Brady- | slow | bradycardia | slowness of the heartbeat, so that the pulse rate is less than 60 per minute |
Cac- | bad, abnormal, ill | cachexia | a profound and marked state of constitutional disorder; general ill health and malnutrition |
Cata- | down, against, wrong | catabolic | The metabolic breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, often resulting in a release of energy. |
Centi- | hundred, hundredth | centigrade | (Units) a former name for Celsius |
Chlor- | green | chloropsia | a defect of vision in which objects appear to have a greenish tinge |
Chrys- | gold | chrysoderma | pigmentation of the skin due to gold deposit |
Circum- | around | circumcision | The surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis or prepuce |
Cirrh- | tawny, yellow-brown | cirrhosis | a chronic degenerative disease in which normal liver cells are damaged and are then replaced by scar tissue |
Contra- | against, opposite | contraception | (birth control) prevents pregnancy by interfering with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation |
Cryo- | cold | cryostat | a freezing chamber |
Crypt- | hidden | cryptorchism | failure of one or both of the testes to descend into the scrotum |
Cyan- | blue | cyanosis | a physical sign causing bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes |
Cyt- | pertaining to a cell | cytogenesis | the origin and development of the cell |
De- | down from, off, away from | decompensation | any failure of homeostatic mechanisms |
Dextro- | to the right | dextrocardia | location of the heart in the right side of the thorax, the apex pointing to the right |
Dia- | through, completely | diarrhea | Excessive and frequent evacuation of watery feces |
Dis- | difficult, painful, abnormal | dysuria | Painful or difficult urination |
Ec-, Ect- | outside, out from | ectopic | out of place; said of an organ not in its proper position, or of a pregnancy occurring elsewhere than in the cavity of the uterus |
En- | in | encapsulation | Enclosure in a capsule or sheath |
Endo- | within, inner | endometrium | the mucous membrane that lines the uterus |
Epi- | upon, on | epigastric | pertaining to the epigastrium, the area above the stomach |
Eu- | easy, good, normal | euphoria | A feeling of great happiness or well-being |
Ex-, Exo- | out, outside | exocytosis | a process by which material is exported from a biological cell |
Extra- | outside, in addition | extradural | on or outside the dura mater |
Hemi- | half | hemiplegia | Paralysis affecting only one side of the body |
Hyper- | above, beyond, excessive | hypertension | high blood pressure |
Hypo- | below, deficient | hypoglycemia | An abnormally low level of glucose in the blood |
In- | in, into | incision | a cut into a body tissue or organ, especially one made during surgery |
Infra- | below, beneath | infraclavicular | under the collar-bone |
Inter- | between | interchondral | between, or connecting, cartilages |
Intra- | within | intravenous | within a vein |
A-, An- | absence of, without | aphasia; analgesic | loss of ability to understand or express speech; (chiefly of a drug) acting to relieve pain |
Ab- | away from | abduction | the movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body, or from another part |