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EMT Terms Ch. 14

Cardiac Emergencies

QuestionAnswer
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) a group of signs and symptoms resulting from any of a variedt of conditions that can affect the heart in which the coronary arteries are narrowed or occluded by fat deposits, clots, or spasm.
Aorta the major artery from the heart.
Arteriole the smallest branch of an artery, which at its distal end leads into a capillary.
Artery blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
Asystole a heart rhythm indication absence of any electrical activity in the heart, also known as flatline.
Atria the two upper chambers of the heart
Automated External Defibrillator (AED) a device that can analyze the electrical activity or rhythm of a patient's heart and deliver an electrical shock (defibrillation) if appropriate.
Automaticity the ability of cells within the cardiac conduction system to generate a cardiac impulse on their own.
Blood Pressure the force exerted by the blood on the interior walls of the blood vessels.
Capillary tiny blood vessel connecting arerioles to venules, site of gas and nutrient exchange
Cardiac Arrest the cessation of cardiac function with the patient displaying no pulse, no breathing and unresponsiveness.
Cardiac Compromise reduced heart function caused by any of a variety of conditions, diseases, or injuries affecting the heart.
Cardiac Conduction System the specialized contractile and conductive tissue of the heart that generates electrical impulses and causes the heart to beat. Also called the coronary conduction system.
Chain Of Survival term used by the American Heart Association for the series of four interventions-early access, early CPR, early defibrillation, and early ACLS-that provides the best chance for successful resuscitation of a cardiac arrest victim.
Circulatory System system composed of the heart and blood vessels that brings oxygen and nutrients to and takes wastes away from body cells. Also called the cardiovascular system.
Coronary Arteries network of arteries supplying the heart with blood.
Defibrillation electrical shock or current delivered to the heart through the patient's chest wall to help the heart restore a normal rhythm
Heart the muscular organ that contracts to force blood into circulation through the body.
Hypoperfusion the insufficient supply of oxygen and other nutrients to some of the body's cells that results from inadequate circulation of blood. Also called shock.
Nitroqlycerin medication that dilates the blood vessels, increasing blood flow and decreasing the workload of the heart; often prescribed for patients with a history of chest pain
Perfusion the delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to the cells of all organ systems, which results from the constant adequate circulation of blood through the capillaries
Pulmonary Artery vessel carrying oxygen-depleted blood from the heart's right ventricle to the lungs.
Pulmonary Vein vessel carrying oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) a condition in which the heart generates relatively normal electrical rhythms but fails to perfuse the body adequately because of a decreased or absent cardiac output from cardiac muscle failure or blood loss.
Shock see hypoperfusion
Vein vessel that carries blood toward the heart.
Venae Cavae the two major veins that carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart: superior venae cavae from the upper body, inferior venae cavae from the lower body.
ventricles the two lower chambers of the heart
Ventricular Fibrillation (VF or V-Fib) a continuous, uncoordinated, chaotic rhythm that does not produce pulses.
Ventricular Tachycardia (VT or V-Tach) a very rapid heart rhythm that may or may not produce a pulse and is generally too fast to adequately perfuse the body's organs.
Venule smallest vein, leading from a capillary.
Created by: saunterdog
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