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Plant Process
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
| Respiration | a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances. |
| Stomata | any of the minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming a slit of variable width that allows movement of gases in and out of the intercellular spaces. |
| Guard Cells | each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells. |
| Chlorophyll | a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Its molecule contains a magnesium atom held in a porphyrin ring. |
| Chloroplast | in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
| Light Independent Reaction | , or dark reactions, of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. These reactions occur in the stroma. |
| Light dependent Reaction | The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments (such as chlorophyll) to be converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH |
| Energy Pyramid | An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain. From the bottom-up, they are as follows. |
| Producer | An autotrophic organism capable of producing complex organic compounds from simple inorganic molecules through the process of photosynthesis (using light energy) or through chemosynthesis (using chemical energy) Supplement. |
| Mitochondrion | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae). |
| Autotrophs | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
| Consumers | is an organism that feeds on plants or other animals for energy. There are four types of consumers; herbivores (plant eaters), carnivores (meat eaters), omnivores (plant and animal eaters), and detritivores (decomposers). |
| Herbivore | an animal that feeds on plants. |
| Omnivores | an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin. |
| Heterotrophs | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
| Carnivores | an animal that feeds on flesh |
| Decomposers | an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material. a device or installation that is used to break down a chemical substance. |
| Spongy layer | a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis -- called also spongy parenchyma, spongy tissue. |
| Palisade Layer | a layer of columnar cells rich in chloroplasts found beneath the upper epidermis of foliage leaves. — called also palisade mesophyll, palisade parenchyma, palisade tissue. — compare spongy parenchyma. |
| Raw Materials | are materials or substances used in the primary production or manufacturing of goods. Raw materials are often referred to as commodities, which are bought and sold on commodities exchanges worldwide. |
| Oxygen | A colorless, tasteless, oderless, gaseous element that abounds in the atmosphere. Supplement. In chemistry, oxygen is an element with an atomic weight of 15.96. It is capable of combining with all elements. |
| Carbon Dioxide | a colorless, odorless gas found in our atmosphere. Its chemical formula is CO2, which means it is one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is a waste product in our bodies and is also produced by burning fossil fuels. |
| Gluclose | is the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of energy for the body's cells. Glucose comes from the foods we eat or the body can make it from other substances. Glucose is carried to the cells through the bloodstream. |
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devaughn.henry
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