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Ryan Ch. 3

Ryan Ch. 3 Reproduction and Heredity

QuestionAnswer
asexual reproduction reproduction in which only one parent produces offspring and offspring is identical to parent
fertilization process in which a male gamete joins a female gamete to produce a new cell that develops into an organism
mitosis stage in the cell cycle during which the nucleus divides and genetic info is passed on
sexual reproduction reproduction from the union of two parents that each pass on traits to the offspring
stages of the cell cycle interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
interphase the longest stage of the cell cycle/ a copy of the chromosomes is made here
cytokinesis the membrane surrounds the two new daughter cells
allele different forms of a gene for a trait
codominant the result when two alleles are both being expressed
DNA genetic material of all living things
hybrid organism that has two different genes for the same trait (Tt)
incomplete dominance result when the dominant allele is only partly expressed
meiosis forms gamete cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
purebred organism that has two of the same genes for the trait (TT)
dominant allele is expressed even when paired with a recessive allele (V v) V=dominant
recessive allele is expressed only when paired with another recessive allele (v v) v=recessive
Punnett Square a chart used to predict the offspring from two parents
chromosomes found in the nucleus and stores DNA
Gregor Mendel father of genetics..found that an organism's genes determine the inherited characteristics
mutation any change in a genome or a chromosome
replication process of making identical copies of DNA
ribosomes cell structures where proteins are made
bases on DNA adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine
double helix shape of DNA and looks like a twisted ladder
RNA has one strand instead of two and contains the base uracil instead of thymine
bases on RNA adenine and uracil, guanine and cytosine
chromosomal mutation affects a large number of genetic information
gene mutation affects only one or just a few cells
Created by: jryan
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