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Exam 3 Micro
Adaptive Immune System Antibodies
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| A response takes 14 days | Antibodies of the Adaptive Immune Response |
| An adult with anti-flu virus has IgA antibodies is protected from the virus and the adult remains healthy; without the antibodies, the virus will enter the cell and replicate to create a severe 2 week sickness | Exposure to the influenza virus and how antibodies work |
| synthesized by B-cells and synthesized and secreted by plasma cells. | Immunoglobulins/Antibodies are... |
| an immunoglobulin with a specificity to a specific epitope. | An antibody is |
| antibodies is called humoral response. | In the adaptive immune system, immunity is mediated by ___ & call ___ response. |
| 4 poly peptides, 2 light chains and 2 heavy chains Linked by disulfide bonds | What composes the immunoglobulin structure? |
| 1 variable and 1 constant domain 2 identical κ or λ light chains. Light chains contain variable domain (VL) and a constant domain (CL). | Light chains are made of what? |
| 1 variable and 3-4 constant domains. μ and ε heavy chains have 4 domains. | Heavy chains are made of what? |
| the light chain variable and the heavy chain variable domain. | Antigen/Epitope binding region is made of what? |
| Variability of VL and VH domains plus random pairing of light and heavy chain create large pool of diversity. | Antigen binding sites...what cause the large pool of diversity? |
| epitope binding region - papain cleavage | Fab (2 individual arms) |
| constant fragment bound by Fc receptors - papain cleavage | Fc (2 legs) |
| both Fab fragments together - pepsin cleavage | F(ab’)2 (2 arms connected together) |
| 1 variable light domain and 1 variable heavy domain | The epitope binding region of an antibody is made up of... |
| F(ab')2 | Pepsin digestion of antibodies yields |
| μ = IgM (mucosal activation), δ = IgD, γ = IgG (allergies), α = IgA (in all mucosal membs.), ε = IgE | Heavy chain isotypes also determine immunoglobulin isotype. These isotypes include: |
| Monomeric structure, mostly expressed on B-cell surface. Role of IgD not clear. May be involved in homeostasis and immune surveillance. | IgD |
| Surface and secreted is a monomeric form. 4 subclasses. Highest concentration of immunoglobulin in circulation. Activate complement | IgG |
| Opsonization Neutralization (A virus can't bind to receptor bc covered in antibodies) Easily crosses blood vessels and placenta | IgG |
| Isotype has the smallest concentration in circulation. Decorates mast cells and basophils via FcεRI. Crosslinking leads to degranulation event in mast cells and basophils releasing histamine. Crosslinking leads to immediate hypersensitivity. | IgE |
| Monomeric form on surface of B cells. Secreted in a pentameric form that contains the J chain. Most unstimulated B cells express IgM on their surface. Immobilized antigen and activates the classical complement pathway (like IgG). | IgM |
| Secreted in monomeric and dimeric forms. Contains the J chain in the dimeric form. Secretory component needed for transport to mucosal surfaces. Found in mucus, saliva, tears, breast milk and gastrointestinal secretions. | IgA |
| IgA | Which immunoglobulin is synthsized more than all other immunoglobulins combined? |
| IgG and IgM are efficient at activating the classical complement cascade. Ag-Ab complex allows binding of C1q and then C1r and C1s. | Classical Pathway Complement Activation |
| MBL pathway. C3 convertase. | The Classical Pathway Complement Activation feeds into the same pathway as the ____ pathway. Activation of this pathway leads to production of what enzyme? |
| J chains | This protein is necessary for binding IgM and IgA in multimeric forms. |
| IgM and IgG | These immunoglobulins can activate the classical complement pathway whe they bind to a pathogen. |
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