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MAAP Review L.8.2
Reproduction and Heredity
| This is an inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival. | adaptation |
| This bonds to thymine (T) in DNA. | adenine |
| This is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, biofuel, drugs and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. | agriculture |
| This is an alternative form of a gene. | allele |
| This is a molecule that contains both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. They are the building blocks of protein. | amino acids |
| This is the stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes separate to the opposite ends of the cell. | anaphase |
| This is the process of intentionally interfering with the breeding process to encourage certain traits over others. | artificial selection |
| This is a type of reproduction where one organism divides into two and there is no exchange of genetic information. | asexual |
| This is the use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life. | biotechnology |
| This is a type of asexual reproduction where an offspring grows out of the body of the parent. | budding |
| This is a type of asexual reproduction where an offspring grows out of the body of the parent. | cell |
| The series of events in a eukaryotic cell that involve growth, replication and division. | cell cycle |
| These are barrel shaped microtubules in most animal cells, that organize the spindles during cell division. | centrioles |
| This is the structure in the cell nucleus that houses a cell's genetic information. | chromosome |
| This is the process in which two chromosomes exchange DNA during prophase of meiosis. | crossing over |
| This is the last part of the cell cycle. This is process in which the cytoplasm is divided between the two new daughter cells. | cytokinesis |
| This bonds to guanine (G) in DNA. | cytosine |
| This is an organism or cell with two sets of chromosomes. | diploid |
| This holds an organisms hereditary information. | DNA |
| This is an observable trait of an organism that can mask the recessive trait. | dominant |
| This is a haploid cell with half the reproductive information from the parent. | gamete |
| This is a segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a particular trait. | gene |
| This is one result of gamete formation through meiosis and fertilization during sexual reproduction that promotes biodiversity within a species. | genetic variation |
| This is the science of genes, heredity and variation of organisms. | genetics |
| The genetic makeup of an organism. | genotype |
| This is a cell or organism having half of the diploid chromosome number, | haploid |
| This is the process of mixing different species or varieties of organisms. | hybridization |
| This is one of Mendel's principles that govern the process of genetic inheritance. It states that allele pairs separate independently during the formation of gametes (sex cells). This means that traits are passed to offspring independently of one another. | Independent Assortment |
| This is Mendel's first law. For each inherited trait, there are at least one pair of alleles. This states that during gamete formation each member of an allelic pair separates from the other member to form the genetic make-up of a gamete (sex cell). | Law of Segregation |
| This is a process where a parent cell divides into four sex cells with half the chromosomes. | meiosis |
| This scientist is known as the Father of Genetics, because of his work with pea plants. | Mendel |
| This is the stage of mitosis where chromosomes align in the middle of the cell before being separated into each of the two daughter cells. | metaphase |
| The process of nuclear division in cells that produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell. MRNA | mitosis |
| This is a random error/change in the DNA sequence. These may be inherited or occur in cells during the lifetime of the organism. | mutation |
| This is the repeating structural unit that forms RNA and DNA. | neucleotide |
| The structure that houses the cells genetic information. | nucleus |
| These are the descendants of the parent generation. | offspring |
| This is the generation that produces the offspring. | parent |
| The physical expression of genes. | phenotype |
| This is the first stage of nuclear cell division in which centrioles move to opposite ends of the cells and chromosomes, spindle fibers, and an aster become visible | prophase |
| This is a diagram that shows the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross. | punnett square |
| This is a form of a gene that is hidden by another, dominant, form of the same gene. | recessive allele |
| This is the copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA. | replication |
| This organelle synthesizes proteins. | ribosomes |
| This is a type of reproduction where there is a exchange of genetic information in order to create new individuals. | sexual |
| This is the final phase of nuclear cell division during which a nuclear envelope forms around each new set of chromosomes. | telophase |
| This bonds to adenine (A) in DNA. | thymine |
| Literally, one-celled. | unicellular |
| This is the nitrogenous base only found in RNA. | uracil |
| inherited two identical genes (purebred) | homozygous |
| inherited two different alleles (hybrid) | heterozygous |
Created by:
WheelerScience
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