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Friendly Bio. Ch 13

Vocabulary Terminology for Chapter 13 in Friendly Biology

Question or TermAnswer or Definition
Features or characteristics inherited from one's parents is known as Genetics
The discovery that traits are inherited from parents is whose biggest contribution? Gregor Mendel, Genetic biologist
genotype is the record of genes found in a living organism
phenotype is observed genotype, whether physical or behavioral
Variations in the phenotype of a particular gene are known as Alleles
The genetic law of segregation says that During the formation of gametes, the pairs of chromosomes separate with each gamete receiving one or the other member of he pair.
In meiosis, one chromosome from each parent primordial sex cell will go to each resulting gamete is known as The law of segregation.
The 2nd law discovered by Mendel that states that traits get distributed independently from other is known as the Law of Independent Assortment
When looking at the genotype of the offspring, created through sexual reproduction, one from the male parent and one from the female parent, you will find Two Alleles
With 2 alleles present, only one is expressed and the expressed allele is known as the dominant allele
An allele that is present, but not expressed is known as recessive allele
When writing letters representing alleles for an individual, what differentiates or how is the dominant allele separated from the recessive Dominant allele is written using Upper case letters, while recessive allele is written using lower case letters.
Genotype: HH (trait inherited from both parents) would be described as Homozygous dominant
Genotype: hh (trait inherited from both parents) would be described as Homozygous recessive
Genotype: Hh (trait inherited from each parent) would be described as Heterozygous
Suppose hair color is indicated by H, knowing black is dominant and red is recessive, what hair color would these individuals have? Hh:____________ HH:_____________ hh:______________ Black, black, red
So what possible genotypes would a person with black hair have? HH or Hh
What are the possibilities for the genotypes for his gametes with a genotype: HH ? 100% H
When visible traits have been found linked to the sex of the individual is a phenomenon known as Sex-linked or sex-linkage
What is GMO abbreviated for Genetically Modified Organism
When a phenotype of an individual appears to be the result of sharing 2 dominant alleles is known as codominance or incomplete dominance
Everyone carries a pair of sex chromosomes; male (sperm) genotype is XY
Everyone carries a pair of sex chromosomes; female (ova) genotype is XX
Created by: CDM2KK
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