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Enviro Chem

Unit Exam

TermDefinition
nutrients chemicals we need to function, grow, and reproduce.
organic nutrients contain carbon
carbohydrates organic molecule that is used for energy
lipids (fats) organic molecule that stores chemical energy
protein organic molecule used for growth and repair
inorganic nutrients cannot be made by human bodies must be taken in by food
macromineral an inorganic nutrient that you need more than 100mg a day of
trace element an inorganic nutrient that you need less than 100mg a day of
diffusion movement of molecules from high to low concentration
osmosis diffusion specific to water molecules
ingestion process of bringing food into our bodies
absorb bringing nutrients into cells
substrate a material on which an organism lives or moves
Fertilizer enriches the soil so plants grow better
nitrogen in fertilizer first chemical number in fertilizer. Used to grow shoots
phosphorus second chemical number in fertilizer.. Used to grow roots
potassium third chemical number in fertilizer.. Used to grow flowers
manipulated variable the thing you change in an experiment
responding variable the thing you are measuring in the experiment
controlled variables the things that stay the same in an experiment
herbicide controls plants
insecticide controls insects
fungicide controls fungus
DDT insecticide used to kill lice and mosquitos. Also caused problems up the food chain and in the environment
bioaccumulation (biomagnification) pesticide can accumulate as they work up the food chain
trophic levels levels of the food chain
ppm the amount of molecules of solute in a million molecules of solvent
solute the things being dissolved
solvent the thing doing the dissolving
non-persistent waste eventually biodegrades
persistent waste stays in the environment for a long time
algal bloom a domino effect caused by too much "N" and "P" in water. Means more algae, more bacteria, decreased oxygen, and potentially a dead lake.
bioindicators living things that tell you about the health of an ecosystem
alkalinity another name for base
Acids low pH. Taste sour
neutral pH 7
Bases high pH. Tastes bitter. Feels slippery
universal indicator pH indicators that turn a wide variety of colours
litmus paper lichen used for pH testing
Blue litmus turns red in an acid
red litmus turns blue in a base
neutralization adding base to an acid to bring pH closer to 7. always creates salt and water
pollutant any substance causing harm to living things
LD50 Lethal Dose 50%. How much kills 50% on the test population
acute toxicity serious symptoms occur after only one exposure
chronic toxicity Symptoms appear only after a chemical accumulates to a specific level after many exposures over time.
Biodegradable can be broken down by living organisms (bacteria, fungi)
Point source pollution is directly occurring and affecting a specific, single location.
Non-point source pollution begins at one location and travels to affect other locations.
CFC’s substance that was dangerous in the atmosphere causing break down on ozone
Primary Water Treatment Physically separates large pieces out of water
Secondary water Treatment oxygen is bubbled through the water in order to increase bacteria and the break up of organic matter.
Tertiary water treatment Liquid goes through a lagoon or marsh to remove nitrates and phosphates (plants take them up).
Sanitary landfills covered with topsoil each day to avoid scavengers and wind blowing it away
clay and plastic liners in landfills Impermeable layer to stop liquid seeping into ground water
leachate toxic liquid that results from wastes breaking down
Created by: carly.riddle
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