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Appendix 1 Digestive
Appendix 1 Body Systems: Digestive System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
an/o | anus |
append/o | appendix |
appendic/o | appendix |
cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
col/o | colon |
duoden/o | duodenum |
esophag/o | esophagus |
gastr/o | stomach |
hepat/o | liver |
ile/o | ileum |
jejun/o | jejunum |
or/o | mouth |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
pharyng/o | pharynx |
proct/o | anus and rectum |
rect/o | rectum |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
stomat/o | mouth |
Cholelelithiasis | abnormal condition of gallstones |
Cirrhosis | chronic disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells |
colonic polyosis | condition in which polyps protrude from the mucous membrane lining the colon |
Diverticulosis | abnormal condition of small pouches or sacs in the wall of the intestine. |
Diverticulitis | inflammation and infection of the diverticula |
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease | condition in which contents of the stomach flows back into the esophagus |
Hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
Inflammatory bowel disease | inflammation of the terminal portion of the ileum or inflammation of the colon |
Irritable bowel syndrome | signs and symptoms are cramping, abdominal bloating, constipation, and diarrhea |
Hepatocellular carcinoma | cancer of the liver |
jaundice | yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues, from high levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream |
Abdominal computed tomography scan | series of cross-sectional x-ray images that show abdominal organs |
Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging | magnetic and radio waves create images of abdominal organs and tissues in all three planes of the body |
Abdominal ultrasonography | process of beaming sound waves into the abdomen to produce images of organs |
Barium tests | x-ray examination using a liquid barium mixture to locate disorders of the gastrointestinal tract |
cholangiography | x-ray examination of the bile ducts after injection of contrast material through the liver or through a catheter |
gastrointestinal endoscopy | visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract with an endoscope |
hemoccult test | feces are placed on paper containing the chemical guiac, which reacts with hidden blood |
laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdominal cavity through an endoscope inserted in the abdomen |
liver function tests | measurement of liver enzymes and other substances in the blood |
stool culture | feces are places in a growth medium to test for microorganisms |
virtual colonscopy | CT scans, MRI, and computers are used to produce two- and three- dimensional images of the colon |
anastomosis | surgical creation of an opening between two gastrointestinal organs |
colostomy | surgical opening of the colon to the outside of the body |
ileostomy | surgical opening of the ileum to the outside of the body |
laparoscopic surgery | removal or organs or tissues via a laparoscope |
ALT | alanine transaminase |
AST | aspartate transaminase |
BE | barium enema |
ERCP | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
GB | gallbladder |
GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
GI | gastrointestinal |
IBD | Inflammatory bowel disease |
IBS | Inflammatory bowel syndrome |
LFTs | liver function tests |
NPO | nothing by mouth |
TPN | total parenteral nutrition (intravenous solutions are given to maintain nutrition) |