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Appendix 1 Digestive

Appendix 1 Body Systems: Digestive System

TermDefinition
an/o anus
append/o appendix
appendic/o appendix
cholecyst/o gallbladder
col/o colon
duoden/o duodenum
esophag/o esophagus
gastr/o stomach
hepat/o liver
ile/o ileum
jejun/o jejunum
or/o mouth
pancreat/o pancreas
pharyng/o pharynx
proct/o anus and rectum
rect/o rectum
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
stomat/o mouth
Cholelelithiasis abnormal condition of gallstones
Cirrhosis chronic disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells
colonic polyosis condition in which polyps protrude from the mucous membrane lining the colon
Diverticulosis abnormal condition of small pouches or sacs in the wall of the intestine.
Diverticulitis inflammation and infection of the diverticula
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease condition in which contents of the stomach flows back into the esophagus
Hepatitis inflammation of the liver
Inflammatory bowel disease inflammation of the terminal portion of the ileum or inflammation of the colon
Irritable bowel syndrome signs and symptoms are cramping, abdominal bloating, constipation, and diarrhea
Hepatocellular carcinoma cancer of the liver
jaundice yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues, from high levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream
Abdominal computed tomography scan series of cross-sectional x-ray images that show abdominal organs
Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging magnetic and radio waves create images of abdominal organs and tissues in all three planes of the body
Abdominal ultrasonography process of beaming sound waves into the abdomen to produce images of organs
Barium tests x-ray examination using a liquid barium mixture to locate disorders of the gastrointestinal tract
cholangiography x-ray examination of the bile ducts after injection of contrast material through the liver or through a catheter
gastrointestinal endoscopy visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract with an endoscope
hemoccult test feces are placed on paper containing the chemical guiac, which reacts with hidden blood
laparoscopy visual examination of the abdominal cavity through an endoscope inserted in the abdomen
liver function tests measurement of liver enzymes and other substances in the blood
stool culture feces are places in a growth medium to test for microorganisms
virtual colonscopy CT scans, MRI, and computers are used to produce two- and three- dimensional images of the colon
anastomosis surgical creation of an opening between two gastrointestinal organs
colostomy surgical opening of the colon to the outside of the body
ileostomy surgical opening of the ileum to the outside of the body
laparoscopic surgery removal or organs or tissues via a laparoscope
ALT alanine transaminase
AST aspartate transaminase
BE barium enema
ERCP Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
GB gallbladder
GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease
GI gastrointestinal
IBD Inflammatory bowel disease
IBS Inflammatory bowel syndrome
LFTs liver function tests
NPO nothing by mouth
TPN total parenteral nutrition (intravenous solutions are given to maintain nutrition)
Created by: amcdoulett
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