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BIO EXAM 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Which of the following can be found in/on the plasma membrane? (aka cell membrane) | phospholipids, cholesterol, transport protein, glycoproteins, aquaporins |
Proteins which penetrate the cell membrane are called? | integral proteins |
Proteins which are not embedded in the cell membrane, but are loosely attached to the cell membrane surface are called? | peripheral proteins |
Which of the following are functions of the cell membrane proteins? | transport, cell-cell recognition, attachment to cytoskeleton and collagen, cell signaling |
Which of the following molecules can diffuse directly through the cell membrane, without the help of transport proteins? | O2, CO2 |
Active transport involves which of the following? | ATP, protein pumps, movement from low to high concentration |
Passive transport involves which of the following? | movement from high to low concentration, does not require energy, may include transport proteins |
A membrane that allows some substances to go through more easily than others is called? | selectively permeable |
Water is able to pass through the cell membrane via? | Aquaporins |
The passive movement of substances from a high concentration to a low concentration without the use of transport proteins is called? | Diffusion |
The movement of water from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration is called? | Diffusion |
Movement of substances from a low concentration to a high concentration, requiring energy, is called? | Active Transport |
Protein pumps, like the proton pump in bacteria and mitochondria, are involved with? | Active Transport |
A cell has an interior concentration of 5% solutes. The cell is currently in an environment that has a concentration of 1% solutes. What is the net flow of water due to osmosis? | Into the cell |
A cell has an interior concentration of 3% solutes. The cell is currently in an environment that has a concentration of 10% solutes. What is the net flow of water due to osmosis? | Outside of the cell |
An animal cell has a solute concentration of 1.0 moles per liter. The cell is placed in distilled water. What will happen to the cell? | The cell will lyse (explode) |
A cell has a solute concentration of 1%. It is placed in a solution that is 5% salt. What will happen to the cell? | The cell will crenate (shrink) |
A solution that has more solutes than the inside of the cell is called? | Hypertonic |
A solution that has an equal amount solutes as the inside of the cell is called? | Isotonic |
A solution that has less solutes than the inside of the cell is called? | Hypotonic |
A series of molecular events and chemical reactions that lead to a cell's response to a signal is called? | Signal Transduction Pathway |
Which of the following fibers are involved with cellular movements? | Microfilaments and Microtubules |
Microtubules are made up of what protein unit? | Tubulin |
Microtubules are used in which of the following cell movements? | Cilia, Centrioles/Spindle fibers, Flagella |
Microfilaments are responsible for which of the following cell movements? | Pseudopodia, Muscle movement, Cytoplasmic streaming |
Which of the following are involved with cell structure (makes up the cytoskeleton)? | Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules |
Everything inside the cell membrane, except the nucleus, is consider part of the? | Cytoplasm |
What organelle makes proteins? | Ribosomes |
What organelle merges with the food vacuole in protists and other simple organisms and digests the food within? | Lysosome |
The organelle responsible for storing water in plants (but not animals) is called the? | Central Vacuole |
What would be the proper sequence of organelles involved with protein flow, from Ribosome to cell membrane? | Ribosome -> Rough ER -> Transport Protein 1 -> Golgi -> Transport Protein 2 -> Cell Membrane |