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Memory
Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Recall | Retrieval of information (fill-in-the-blank questions) |
| Recognition | Identifying items previously learned (multiple choice) |
| Relearn | Learning something more quickly when you learn it a second or late time |
| Encoding | The process of getting information into your brain |
| Storage | The process of retaining information |
| Retrieval | The process of getting the information back out |
| Parallel processing | Processing many things simultaneously |
| Richard Atkinson & Robert Shiffrin (1968) Three stages | 1. Sensory memory 2. Short-term memory (encode through rehearsal) 3. Long-term memory (for later retrieval) |
| Working memory | short-term memory that is concerned with immediate, conscious, perceptual and linguistic processing |
| What are the two functions of working memory? | 1. Active processing of incoming visual-spatial and auditory information 2. focusing our spotlight of attention |
| What information do we process automatically? | Implicit memory -procedural memory (how to ride a bike) |
| Information processed automatically without conscious effort | -space -time -frequency |
| Sensory memory | Feeds our active working memory, recording momentary images of scenes or echoes of sounds |
| Iconic memory | A fleeting sensory memory of visual stimuli |
| Echoic memory | Fleeting memory for auditory stimuli |
| Explicit memory | -Effortful processing -declarative memories |
| Implicit memory | -automatic processing -nondeclarative memories |
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