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Microbiology
Microbiology -Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| one type of microscope that provides a three dimensional image of a specimen is the: | scanning electron microscope |
| one type of microscope capable of observing living microorganisms is the: | phase-contrast microscope |
| scientist most responsible for ending the controversy about spontaneous generation: | Louis Pasteur |
| fossils of prokaryotes go back: | 3.5 to 4 billion years |
| the correct descending order of the taxonomic categories is: | domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| complex communities of microorganisms on surfaces are called: | biofilms |
| a relationship between organisms in which the waste product of one provides nutrients for another is called: | commensalism |
| normal flora include: | intestines, skin, and vagina |
| industries that uses microorganisms: | cheese, wine, and chemical |
| all bacteria are ___ cells based on presence or absence of cellular structures. | prokaryotic |
| cells that contain a nucleus are; | eukaryotic cells |
| the taxonomic resource for information on bacteria is the: | Bergey's Manual of Systemic Bacteriology |
| the proteins implicated in spongiform encephalopathy are: | prions |
| the cleanup of different industrial waste is referred to as: | bioremediation |
| Name and briefly describe the different types of microscopes. | Light microscopes: use visible light • Bright-field microscopes are most commonly used to observe sectioned and stained tissues, organs, and microorganisms. • Dark-field microscopes are used for unfixed, unstained specimens, such as living organ |
| Describe Koch's postulates. | Koch’s postulates state: • The microbe must be present in every animal with the disease. • The microbe can be isolated and grown in pure culture. • The cultured microorganism must cause the same disease in an inoculated (previously healthy) |
| Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. | Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound cell organelles. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles. |
| Describe how foodborne diseases can be prevented. | Foodborne disease generally can be prevented by the following: • Washing hands with hot, soapy water before food preparation, after using the bathroom, and after changing diapers. • Keeping raw meat, poultry, seafood, and their juices away from |
| Describe the role of microorganisms in food production. | Many nonpathogenic microorganisms occur naturally in food, are beneficial, and are used as starter cultures to produce foods such as vinegar, sauerkraut, pickles, fermented milks, yogurt, cheese, and bread |
| foodborne disease | results from consuming food that is contaminated with different pathogenic species of bacteria, viruses ,parasites, or microbial toxins |
| how to prevent foodborne | *wash hands with hot, soapy water before food prep, using the bathroom, and changing diapers. *keep raw meat, poultry, seafood, and their juices away from prepared, ready to eat foods. * cooking foods thoroughly at high temperatures to kill harmful bact |
| waterborne disease | general term used to describe diseases acquired from contaminated water supplies, resulting in four fifths of all illness in developing countries and a high infant death rate |
| airborne disease | transmitted from infected people by coughing, sneezing, or talking. pathogens are in small mucous saliva particles suspended as aerosols |
| Typhoid fever (enteric fever) | salmonella (water contaminated with feces and urine from carriers) |
| Giardiasis | Giardia lamblia (water contaminated by feces of infected person or animal) |
Created by:
naponte1
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