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TEAS -Science
Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tiny air sacs in the lungs where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. | Alveoli |
| A lung disease characterized by inflamed, narrowed airways and difficulty breathing. | Asthma |
| The main passageways directly attached to the lungs | Bronchi |
| Small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli | Bronchioles |
| A generic disorder that affects the lungs and other organs, characterized by difficulty breathing, coughing up sputum, and lung infections. | Cystic fibrosis |
| The passage of fluid to an organ or a tissue | Perfusion |
| A membrane around the lungs and inside the chest cavity | Pleura |
| A fluid secreted by alveoli and found in the lungs, prevents lung from collapsing (atelectasis) | Surfactant |
| The amount of air breathed in a normal inhalation or exhalation | Tidal volume |
| The windpipe, which connects the larynx to the lungs | Trachea |
| The movement of air in and out of the body via inhalation and exhalation | Ventilation |
| The "BLANK" mediates the uptake of oxygen for metabolism and the release of carbon dioxide (a waste product) into the atmosphere. | respiratory system |
| The respiratory system is divided into the: | Upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract |
| The upper respiratory tract includes | The nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, glottis, and larynx. |
| The lower respiratory tract begins at the | Trachea and extends into the lungs via of bronchus into bronchioles and ending at the alveoli, where gas exchange occur |
| The "BLANK" are the organs of respiration and are divided into"BLANK" lobes | lungs; three lobes on the right and two lobes on the left. |
| Air continues to flow from the nasal and oral cavities into the "BLANK" a pathway beginning in the back of the throat and ending at the glottis | Pharynx, |
| The "BLANK" is a shared passageway for both air and food and contains an opening for the digestive system, as well as the continuation of the respiratory system at the glottis. | pharynx |
| A flap called the "BLANK"covers the opening of the glottis during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the lungs | epiglottis |
| The "BLANK" is the passageway for air through the vocal chords and leads to the larynx, commonly called the voice box. | Glottis |
| Sound is produced in the "BLANK" when air from the lungs is forced against the vocal chords. | larynx |
| Oxygen flow continues from the larynx into the "BLANK" which is the beginning of the lower respiratory tract. | Trachea |
| The "BLANK" also known as the windpipe, consists of a rigid tube of cartilaginous rings and lies anterior to the esophagus. | Trachea, |
| The trachea then splits into two main branches that enter the lungs, known as the | Right and left primary bronchi. |
| The primary bronchi of each lung branch repeatedly into the smaller | Secondary and even smaller tertiary bronchi. |
| The tertiary bronchi again branch into the microscopic tubes of the | Bronchioles. |
| Bronchioles divide further until they terminate in the air sacs of the lungs known as | The alveoli. |
| The walls of the alveoli are a, which allows for the simple diffusion of gases in and out. | Single layer of epithelial tissue |
| Alveoli are surrounded by "BLANK" whose walls also consist of a single layer of epithelial cells. | Capillaries, |
| Inhaled "BLANK" diffuses into the red blood cells in the surrounding capillaries and from there into the nearby tissues. | Oxygen |
| "BLANK" diffuses out of the tissues into the red blood cells and then the Alveoli to be exhaled from the lungs. | Carbon dioxide |
| The "BLANK" and "BLANK" in the brainstem monitor the levels of CO2 and pH in the blood. | Medulla oblongata and Pons |
| Increasing levels of "BLANK" causes an increase in "BLANK" , which makes the blood more acidic. This stimulates inhalation. | CO2, H+ ions |
| During "BLANK" , the muscular diaphragm below the rib cage and the intercostal muscles between the ribs contract simultaneously. | inhalation |
| "BLANK" increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and in turn causes the lung volume to "BLANK" . | Inhalation, increase |
| During inhalation the alveolar pressure inside of the lungs therefore "BLANK" , causing air to flow into the lungs down the pressure gradient from "BLANK" | Decreases, high (outside lungs) to low (inside lungs). |
| "BLANK" occurs passively with the relaxation of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles. | Exhalation |
| The thoracic cavity "BLANK" in volume, causing a con "BLANK" in the lung volume. | Decreases |
| Alveolar pressure "BLANK" , and the elastic recoil from the lungs and thoracic wall causes air to flow out of the lungs once again down the pressure gradient | Increases |
| The amount of gas in the lungs after a maximum inspiration or deep breath. | The total lung capacity (TLC) |
| The"BLANK" plus the "BLANK" is equal to the total lung capacity. | vital capacity, residual volume |
| The amount of gas that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration, as in exhaling after a deep breath is | The vital capacity (VC) |
| The amount of gas remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration is | The residual volume (RV) |
| "BLANK" is a measure of the ease of expanding the lungs. | Lung compliance |
| Lung compliance depends on two respiratory characteristics: | The elasticity of the lung tissue and the alveolar surface tension. |
| "BLANK" causes destruction of elastic lung tissue, resulting in greater-than normal expansion of the lungs but poor recoil and increased residual volume. | Emphysema |
| "BLANK" cause increased resistance to lung expansion, resulting in a low compliance. | Asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer |
Created by:
bonitasoul
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