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Hematology Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
Preservative in Lavender-topped vacutainer EDTA: forms calcium salt that prevents coagulation
Use of Lavender-topped vacutainer CBC, ESR, Platelet count
Preservative in Green-topped vacutainer Heparin: Prevents action of clotting factor II--thrombin
Use of Green-topped vacutainer APTT testing for patients on heparin therapy
Preservative in Light blue-topped vacutainer Sodium citrate: precipitates calcium to prevent clotting
Use of Light blue-topped vacutainer PT, PTT, ESR, factor assays
Primitive hematopoeisis: time frame 19 days to 8 wks gestation
Mesenchyme of yolk sac Location of fetal mesoblastic phase: primitive and definitive hematopoiesis of embryonic phase
Major cell/hemoglobin of primitive hematopoiesis RBC's, macrophages, platelets, Hgb: Portland, Gower I, Gower II
Definitive hematopoiesis: time frame 21 days after gestation
Major cell/hemoglobin of definitive hematopoiesis Self-renewing, pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells
Hepatic phase of hematopoiesis: time frame 5-7 wks gestation; liver remains primary source of hematopoiesis until 1-2 wks after birth
Hepatic phase: location Liver; secondary organs develop: spleen, lymph nodes, thymus (T cells), kidneys
Hepatic phase: Major cell/hemoglobin Hbg. F; Development of erythroblasts, granulocytes, and monocytes
Medullary phase: time frame 4th-5th month gestation
Meduallary Phase: location Bone marrow; Liver hematopoiesis diminishes in 3rd trimester
Medullary phase: Major cell/hemoglobin pluripotential cells for all cell lines; Hgb A and F; Growth Factors: erythropoietin, granulocyte stimulating factor, granulocyte-monocytic stimulating factor
Adult hematopoiesis: location bone marrow Spleen and lymph nodes secondary site for development and differentiation of lymphocytes
Adult hematopoiesis: major cell/hemoglobin Erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, platelets, B lymphocytes, primary stem cells, committed progenitor cells
monophyletic theory theory that all blood cells are derived from one stem cell line
M:E ratio ratio of erythrocytic line to granulocytic line, usu. 1:3-1:4
Erythropoetin hematopoietic growth factor, produced in kidney, stimulates RBC production
Thrombopoietin Hematopoietic growth factor, produced in liver and kidney, stimulates formation of megakaryoblast to megakaryocytes
Leukopoietin Hematopoietic growth factor, produced by liver, stimulates WBC formation
Interleukins Hematopoietic growth factor, cytokine produced by leukocytes
cytokines soluable mediators secreted by cells for cell-to cell; communication, stimulates proliferation and differentiation on multipotential stem cells to committed cell line
nucleoli contain large amounts of ribosomal DNA, RNA, and other protein
nucleus stores DNA and RNA, coordinates cell activities
lysosomes contains hydrolytic enzymes involved in phagocytosis
rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes for protein synthesis
cytoskeleton contains organelles; detects hormones in cell-to-cell communication
smooth endoplasmic reticulum create hormones and lipids
mitochondria metabolic process, electron transfer, oxidase rxns
vacoule store nutrients and waste
cytoplasm gives cell shape, contains organelles
vesicle site of protein synthesis
centrioles divide during cell division
deletion loss of a chromatin segment
translocation one chromosome breaks away from its normal location
trisomy one homologous chromosome fails to separate, resulting in 3 chromosomes
Created by: MLT_student_B
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