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Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 16 & 17

QuestionAnswer
The lymphatic system arises in the tissues and extends towards the heart
The largest lymphatic vessel of the body is the thoracic duct
The thoracic duct empties its contents into a vein known as the left subclavian vein
The thoracic duct drains the left side of the head and chest and the entire body below the diaphragm
Lymph is filtered in masses of tissue known as lymph nodes
In the process of the immune response, the lymph nodes serve as the sites for the production of antibodies
In the neck tissues, the lymph nodes are known as the cervical lymph nodes
Those lymph nodes located in the armpits are called axillary lymph nodes
Lymph nodes may be found in the popliteal fossa, which is located behind the knee
Aggregates of lymph node tissue located behind the epithelial lining of the oral cavity are called tonsils
The thymus is located in the body in a cavity called the thoracic cavity
The spleen is located in the upper portion of a cavity called the abdominal cavity
The spleen is the organ in the body where destruction occurs of red blood cells
Lymph consists of fluid derived from interstitial fluid
An accumulation of tissue fluid in the spaces between the cells is a condition called edema
Those substances capable of stimulating the immune system are known as antigens
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported between the cells of the body and the respiratory system by the circulatory system
The smallest branches of the respiratory system tubes terminate in clusters of microscopic air sacs called alveoli
Blood enters the lung from the heart through a major artery known as the pulmonary artery
The mouth and nasal cavities meet in a region called the pharynx
The nasal cavities open to the external environment at the nostrils, also called the external nares
Many bones of the skull contain openings from the nasal cavities referred to as sinuses
At the roof of the nasal cavities the sense of smell is associated with an area called olfactory region
Three functions of the nose include moistening the air, filtering the air, and warming the air
Another name for the pharynx is the throat
The lateral walls of the nasopharynx contain openings of tubes from the middle ear known as auditory tubes
The largest cartilage of the larynx, also known as the Adam's apple, is the thyroid cartilage
The cartilage of the larynx that resembles a signet ring and connects the trachea and larynx is the cricoid cartilage
The opening to the larynx is referred to as the glottis
Vibrations of the vocal chords are due to air exhaled from the lungs
Because men have longer vocal chords, their voices have lower pitch
The trachea is supported by a series of C-shaped rings of cartilage
The two primary tubes that branch from the trachea are the bronchi
There is no cartilage in the tubes when the bronchi become bronchioles
Bronchiole walls are composed mostly of muscle referred to as smooth muscle
The common name for inflammation of the bronchial tree is bronchitis
The lungs occupy most of the space of the thoracic cavity
The left lung is subdivided in two lobes, while the right lung is subdivided into three lobes
The two-layer membrane surrounding each lung is the pleura
The underlying principle of breathing is that air flows from the region of high pressure to a region of low pressure
Pressure changes occurring in the lungs can be traced to the activity of skeletal muscles known as respiratory muscles
During inspiration, contractions cause the downward movement of a dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm
The relaxation of respiratory muscles compresses the thorax and increases the air pressure in the lungs
While inspiration is an active process, the process of expiration is a passive process
The volume of air that can be forced out of the lungs after a forced inspiration is the vital capacity
Breathing is controlled by an area of the brain called the respiratory control center, which includes part of the medulla oblongata and the pons
Created by: brandydenton
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