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MedTerm-Chapter 12

TermDefinition
anagelsic drug that relieves pain
straight catherer a type cathater that is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to relieve urinary retention or to collect a sterile, specimen of urine for testing; the catheter is removed immediately after the procedure
suprapubic catheter indwelling catheter inserted directly in the bladder through an abdominal incision above the pubic bone that includes a collection system that allows urine to be drained into a bag; used in patients requiring long-term catheterization
Foley catheter indwelling catheter inserted through the urethra and into the bladder that includes a collection system allowing urine to be drained into a bag; the catheter can remain in place for an extended period
kidney dialysis methods of filtering impurities from the blood, replacing the function of one or both kidneys lost in renal failure
hemodialysis method of removing impurities by pumping the patient's blood through a dialyzer, the specialized filter of the artificial kidney machine (hemodialyzer)
peritoneal dialysis method of removing impurities using the peritoneum as the filter; a catheter inserted in the peritoneal cavity delivers cleansing fluid (dialysate) that is washed in and out in cycles
renal transplantation transfer of a kidney from the body of one person (donor) to another (recipient)
urinary diversion crenation of a temporary or permanent diversion the urinary tract to provide a new passage through which urine exists the body; used to read defects or diseases (e.g. bladder, cancer)
noncontinent ileal conduit (type of urinary diversion) removal of portion of the ileum to use as a conduit to which the ureters are attached at one end; the other end is brought through the opening (stoma) created in the abdomen, urine cannot be held and drains continuall
continent urostomy internal reservoir (pouch) from segment of intestine that diverts urine through opening (stoma) & then brought through abdominal wall; valve created internally to prevent leakage, patient empties pouch by catheterization
continent the ability to hold/retain urine
orthotopic bladder (neobladder) artificial bladder, placed at the site of the excised bladder, constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra, allowing "natural" voiding also called "neobladder"
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) procedure using ultrasound outside the body to bombard and disintegrate a stone within; most commonly used to treat urinary stones above the bladder
nephrotomy incision into the kidney
nephrorrhaphy suture of an injured kidney
nephrolithotomy incision into the kidney for the removal of stones
nephrectomy excision of a kidney
pyeloplasty surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis
stent placement use of a device to hold open vessels or tubes
intracorporeal lithotripsy method of destroying stones with the urinary tract using discharges of electrical energy that are transmitted to a probe within a flexible endoscope; most commonly used to pulverize bladder stones
rectoscope urologic endoscope inserted through the urethra to reset (cut and remove) lesions of the bladder, urethra, or prostate
urologic endoscopic surgery use of specialized endoscopes (e.g., resectoscope) within the urinary tract to perform various surgical procedures, such as resection of a tumor, repair of an obstruction, stone retrieval, placement of a stent, etc.
blood urea nitrogen (BUN) blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood; a hun BUN indicates the inablity of one or both kidneys to excrete urea
creatinine, serum test to determine the level of creatinine in the blood; useful in assessing kidney function
creatinine, urine test to determine the level of creatinine in the urine
creatinine clearance testing measurements of the level of creatinine in the blood and in a 24-hour urine specimen to determine the rate at which creatinine is "cleared" from the blood by the kidneys
urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) isolation of a urine specimen in a culture medium to propagate the growth of microorganisms; organisms that grow in the culture are identified, as are drugs to which they are sensitive
microscopic findings microscopic identification of abnormal constituents in the urine (e.g. bacteria , red blood cells, white blood cells and casts)
glucose chemical test used to detect sugar in the urine; most often used to screen for diabetes
Albumin chemical test used to detect the presence of albumin ( a type of protein) in the urine
protein chemical test used to detect the presence of protein (A nitrogenous compound) in the urine
Created by: Cdickinson2
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